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建设城市“里子”的厦门样本

2017-08-18 08:32:34   新华网

新华网厦门8月18日电(汪亚)下暴雨就在城市看海,台风来了就断水断电,反复开挖的“马路拉链”,遍布街道的“空中蜘蛛网”,频发的地下地上问题让城市“里子”受到越来越多关注。

如果说“面子”是城市的风貌,那么“里子”则是城市的良心。如何治好“里子”的“病”,厦门为城市地下综合管廊工程摸索出可复制、可推广的建设经验。

  政府令让管线住进“集体宿舍”

通过在城市地下开辟一条公共隧道,集中铺设电力、通信、广播电视、给水排水、热力、燃气等市政管线,地下综合管廊不仅可以集约利用地下空间,更能提高城市安全保障能力。

早在十二年前,厦门就开始了对地下综合管廊工程的探索。2005年建设翔安海底隧道时,厦门就同步配套建设了干线综合管廊。两年后,湖边水库片区结合岛内旧城改造过程中,厦门修建了全省首条城市干支线综合管廊。

为探索地下空间“多规合一”,打造城市未来“主动脉”和“生命线”,厦门市将规划建设干线、支线综合管廊超过300公里,形成具有厦门特色的“市政走廊”大系统。

从建设地下管廊系统初探,到如今已建成投入运营的干线、支线综合管廊29.48公里,厦门在十多年的时间里,完成了城市规划蓝图的近10%。

看似按部就班一帆风顺的推进背后,却有着许多让城市规划者头疼的麻烦事,如何让管线成功入廊便是其中之一。

“很多管线因为归属管理等原因,地方政府在协调时往往存在一些实际困难。”在厦门市市政园林局总工程师王艳艳看来,不论是外部客观原因还是内部利益驱使,各管线单位从眼前成本出发,自顾“一亩三分地”的做法,是管廊工程推进初期遇到的主要障碍。

据厦门市政府规定,管线入廊就要缴纳相应的入廊费和运营费,在已有管线尚未损毁的情况下,让管线单位再增加这部分的额外开支,似乎并非易事。

除了对各管线所属单位的极力劝导,以政府令的形式强制管线入廊对厦门市推进综合管廊工程起到了很大作用。“在新开发和规划的管廊区域,如果有管线经过,那它就必须入廊。对于老城区的已有管线,如果有整改治理需求则要借此将高压线、架空线管廊化。”

王艳艳告诉记者,比起裸露在外,入廊的管线寿命至少能提高2到4倍,相较于管廊建设投入的巨大资金,入廊费用也只占到30%左右,大部分的成本是政府在承担,对企业长期发展来看,入廊不仅让管线更加安全,同时也是一种成本的节约。

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