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促观念转变 源头防控拉网式筛查——四川石渠高原“灭虫”记

2017-08-17 18:32:36   新华网

新华社成都8月17日电(记者董小红)“以前喜欢喝生水,现在不喝了。回家也要爸爸妈妈多洗手、不吃生肉,一家人要爱干净。”11岁的小卓玛说。

小卓玛住在石渠县草原二村,家里以放牧为生,以前村里有人得了包虫病,由于不知道原因,大家都很害怕。学校宣传包虫病防治知识后,小卓玛内心的恐惧逐渐减轻了。

平均海拔4200米以上,空气中含氧量是成都平原的45%,甘孜藏族自治州石渠县是四川最偏远、海拔最高的县城。当地农牧民们称包虫病为“虫癌”,曾饱受包虫病害。2015年11月,包虫病综合防治攻坚战在石渠展开。

“手指并拢相互揉搓,双手交换……”在德荣玛乡中心小学洗手池边,石渠县疾控中心主任谢飞正在教小朋友“七步洗手法”。

“对包虫病,预防尤为重要,重点是养成健康的生活习惯。”谢飞说。

德荣玛乡中心小学校长土登鸥珠说,孩子们每天要学跳“洗手舞”,学习“七步洗手法”,每周还要学包虫病防治课程,老师还给他们留了家庭作业,回去教父母养成良好的生活习惯。

石渠县教育局局长土登泽仁介绍,现在学生们基本都会唱《包虫病防治之歌》,全县678名教师也在继续学习包虫病防控知识,下一步将加强小手牵大手活动,促进健康教育常态化。

对包虫病患者药物实行全免费,手术费、交通费通过医保、项目补助等途径加以解决,在国家相关政策扶持下,石渠县包虫病患者没有了后顾之忧。

“压在心上的石头终于放下了。”在德荣玛乡卫生院,刚做完B超复查的牧民青美拉地脸上难掩喜悦之色。检查结果显示,她体内的包虫病病灶已经得到有效控制。

去年夏天,青美拉地在全乡拉网式筛查中查出了包虫病,随后立即开始接受免费药物治疗。“刚开始知道自己得了病,还很害怕,后来每天早晚按时服药,每隔6个月来卫生院做B超复查,一分钱不用花,医生全程跟踪我的病情,慢慢我也没那么害怕了。”青美拉地说。

记者了解到,石渠县已建立了包村干部、医生与患病群众之间的结对帮扶、病员随访管理制度,创新运用虹膜、指纹、身份证复合识别技术开展人群筛查,做到筛查群众身份、患病信息、病情随防“三固定”。

“牧民们有直接饮用生水的习惯,喝了被污染的浅层地表水,容易感染包虫病。通过打深水井,有效阻断了包虫病的传播渠道。”石渠县水务局副局长罗强介绍,为了解决安全饮水难题,包虫病综合防治攻坚战开展以来,全县已经打了142口深水井,井深35米-70米,基本实现了聚居点安全饮水全覆盖,今年还将打200口深水井,让群众喝上放心干净的水。

包虫病目标人群筛查覆盖率从7.23%提高到95.2%、包虫病防治知识总体知晓率由过去的30%提高到现在的87.94%……群众防病意识明显提高,健康习惯逐步养成,目前石渠县包虫病防治已取得阶段性成果。

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