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第一次边境排雷:促进中越边境繁荣稳定

2017-08-14 16:17:37   新华网

新华社北京8月14日电 题:第一次边境排雷:促进中越边境繁荣稳定

新华社记者梅世雄、解放军报记者黄超

2016年6月4日,云南省军区扫雷指挥部扫雷三队一班下士程俊辉,在执行中越边境第三次较大规模排雷任务时光荣牺牲,年仅22岁。

在中越边境线上,当年的一场自卫还击作战,留下了441片大小雷区,分布在1445.8平方千米的边境线上,给战争之后两国边民的生命财产和生活造成严重威胁和困扰。

军事科学院研究员高宝新介绍,中国和越南关系正常化后,我国政府于1993年至1994年,组织进行了中越边境第一次大排雷。

至1994年9月,云南、广西边防扫雷部队已清除雷区9872万平方米,排除大量地雷、爆炸物,移交地方政府安全土地9148万平方米,打通边贸口岸和通道160个(条)。

扫雷对发展地方经济的促进作用立竿见影。1993年文山州边境贸易进出口总额比扫雷前的1992年增长63.8%,麻栗坡县1993年粮食产量比上一年增加100万公斤。扫雷后,者阴山地区开辟的万亩茶园、万亩杉林已经开始创造经济效益。

然而,由于人力、物力等因素制约,第一次大扫雷未能彻底清除中越边境上的地雷。地雷,仍然宛如一把恶魔之剑,高悬在中越边境各族人民的心头。

边民为生产生活而误入雷区,或是在已扫过雷的地段踩上被洪水冲刷下来的地雷或其他爆炸物,伤、残、亡的事件时有发生。

1997年7月,国务院、中央军委再次下令:到本世纪末必须彻底清除中越边境上的残雷。

第二次大扫雷拉开了序幕。和第一次扫雷相比,这次扫雷难度大、要求严,多为上次扫雷留下的死角地区,山高坡陡,地形复杂,扫雷作业和后勤给养都非常困难。

1998年5月22日,中越边境云南段第二次大扫雷中最硬的一块 “骨头”——老山百米生死线,经过云南省军区扫雷二队43天的攻坚,终于被打通。

“百米生死线”是当年边境作战中经历了数次团级规模战斗的一条长140余米、宽90余米的军事通道,埋有5个国家制造的20余种地雷。扫雷二队扫除地雷及各类爆炸物2.9万余枚(件)。

第二次中越边境大扫雷行动前后分两个阶段进行,历时约两年。中越边境云南段完成扫雷面积109平方千米,广西段完成20平方千米,1999年底全部结束。

目前正在进行的第三次排雷在广西壮族自治区防城港、崇左、百色三市和云南省文山、红河两州的13个边境县(区)进行,由广西军区、云南省军区,会同广西壮族自治区、云南省人民政府组织实施。

第三次排雷是在亚热带山岳丛林地进行的,自然条件差、作业难度大、危险系数高。人民解放军抽调专业经验丰富的官兵执行排雷任务,他们中许多人参加过联合国维和排雷行动。

高宝新认为,这些排雷作业对保障边疆人民群众生命财产安全,促进中越边境地区安全稳定和繁荣发展发挥了重要作用。

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