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第一次全军大比武

2017-08-13 21:36:54   新华网

新华社北京8月13日电 题:第一次全军大比武

新华社记者梅世雄、解放军报记者张磊峰

“53年前,人民解放军开展了第一次全军大比武运动。”中国人民解放军军事科学院研究员金立昕日前接受新华社记者采访时说,这场运动规模空前,对提高我军官兵军事训练水平、促进我军现代化建设产生了非常重要的影响。

金立昕介绍,大比武起源于郭兴福教学法。郭兴福是原南京军区的一名副连长。他的教学方法严肃、灵活而独特,能够充分调动起部队练兵的积极性,在实践中卓有成效。

“1961年初,我带着军师工作组来到郭兴福所在的二连蹲点,发现郭兴福的单兵战术训练很有效果,深受战士们欢迎。”当年担任郭兴福所在的第12军军长的李德生生前曾回忆道。

李德生是首先发现、培养了郭兴福这个典型。原南京军区司令员许世友、政治委员杜平迅速在原南京军区范围内推广郭兴福教学法,进而推向全军。

1962年3月,原南京军区司令部、政治部联合发出认真学习郭兴福教学法的通知。11月,原南京军区在杭州召开训练现场会,检查学习郭兴福教学法的落实情况,论证郭兴福教学经验的可行性,并要求把郭兴福的教学经验运用到班以上战术训练中去,运用到技术训练和特种兵、海岛部队训练中去。

1964年1月3日,中央军委向全军发出指示,号召全军立即掀起学习郭兴福教学方法的运动,并决定举行比武大会。

为迎接全军大比武,从1964年2月开始,各种军事训练评比竞赛活动在全军展开了,各部队紧锣密鼓,训练场上出现了前所未有的龙腾虎跃局面。

1964年5月15日,原总参谋部、原总政治部根据中央军委的决定,向部队发出《关于全军比武问题的通知》。

1964年6月至9月,全军性比武运动被推向了高潮。据不完全统计,全军参加比武共有3318个单位,在3766个项目中角逐。全军参加军区以上规模比武活动的3.3万余人,军内参观人员达到4.5万余人,地方参观人员4.2万余人;获奖单位1212个,获奖个人2257人;评出集体一等“尖子”289个,个人一等“尖子”545名。

1964年6月15日和16日,当时的党和国家领导人及在北京出席中央工作会议的各省份领导人,中央各部委、各群众团体领导人来到练兵场,观看原北京军区、原济南军区训练尖子的汇报表演,检阅军事训练,写下我军训练史上辉煌的一页。

这次大比武在国际上也引起强烈反响。2000多名驻华使领馆人员及外国友好人士也参观了部分比武。

英国的蒙哥马利元帅访华期间,也被我方邀请观看了若干项目的军事表演。事后,他感慨地说:“战争的禁律之一,就是不能在中国大陆上同中国人作战,因为这将遇到亿万军民组成的战争史上纵深最大的、无法突破的防线。”

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