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中国地震局研究员:大部分房屋在九寨沟地震中经受住了考验

2017-08-13 18:51:49   中国青年网

8月12日,抢险人员在九寨沟沟口到九黄机场301省道九道拐塌方处抢修道路

四川减灾微信公号8月13日消息,8月12日下午,“8`8”九寨沟地震抗震救灾指挥部召开第三场新闻发布会,发布了四川九寨沟7.0级地震烈度图。中国地震局地质研究所研究员李志强、中国地震局工程力学研究所研究员林均岐解读了烈度图并表示,震区房屋建筑抗震设防水平较高,抗震性能总体较好,经受住了地震考验。

地震最大烈度九度

川甘两省8县受灾

地震发生后,中国地震局组织全国地震系统19个单位的215名队员进入灾区,对四川、甘肃两省4个州(市)8个县共315个调查点展开实地调查,并结合震中定位、近场强震记录、震源机制、余震空间分布等工作,确定了此次地震的烈度分布。

此次地震最大烈度为九度,等震线长轴总体呈北北西走向,六度区及以上总面积为18295平方千米,共造成四川省、甘肃省8个县受灾,包括四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县、若尔盖县、红原县、松潘县,绵阳市平武县;甘肃省陇南市文县,甘南藏族自治州舟曲县、迭部县。

其中,九度区涉及九寨沟县漳扎镇,面积139平方千米。八度区涉及阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县漳扎镇、大录乡、黑河乡、陵江乡、马家乡,面积778平方千米。七度区涉及阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县、若尔盖县、松潘县,绵阳市平武县,面积3372平方千米。六度区涉及阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县、若尔盖县、红原县、松潘县,绵阳市平武县;甘肃省陇南市文县,甘南藏族自治州舟曲县、迭部县,面积14006平方千米。

震区房屋经受住考验

政府正组织安全鉴定

此次地震震级大,达到7.0级。震区属于高山峡谷区,地震引发的次生地质灾害较严重,导致人员伤亡和部分道路交通中断,增加了救援和人员转移安置难度。

但此次地震震源偏深,有20千米。重灾区除景区人口集中外,其他区域总体人口密度较低,因而人员伤亡和建筑物损毁程度,都远低于震级相仿的青海玉树地震、四川芦山地震和云南鲁甸地震。

九寨沟县及附近区域设防烈度为八度,震区房屋建筑抗震设防水平较高,抗震性能总体较好,特别是经过汶川地震恢复重建后的新建建筑达到了抗震设防要求,经受住了此次地震的考验。近年来,四川省有关部门从建筑设计、工匠培训等方面,加强了农村民居抗震设防管理和指导,在这次地震中显现了成效。景区及城镇建筑物多采用框架结构,乡村传统民居多采用穿斗木结构,抗震性能较强,房屋倒塌和严重损毁的比例很低,有效减少了人员伤亡。

专家们认为,目前大部分房屋情况良好,可以正常使用。当地政府正在组织对震区房屋进行安全鉴定,将根据鉴定结果制定应对措施。

九寨沟大部分海子完好

景区修复过程漫长

本次地震对部分旅游景观和旅游基础设施造成较严重破坏,对当地自然景观和生态环境造成较大影响。当地政府正科学审慎地制定自然遗产保护和恢复重建方案。

经勘查,目前九寨沟景区受到的主要破坏,是地震造成的滑坡以及公路和步道的破坏。有两个景点破坏较严重,一是火花海,围堰被破坏后,里面的水基本没有了;二是诺日朗瀑布,地震破坏了瀑布原来的水帘洞形状,水帘洞景观没有了。除此之外,景区内绝大部分海子基本完好。

但景区受到的破坏还在发展之中。首先是余震在继续,其次是地震导致景区内产生了很多松散物质,较强降雨可能引发泥石流,进一步对海子和公路造成破坏。

专家们建议,对景区内的自然景观,目前要尽量防止破坏加重。作为世界自然遗产,九寨沟景区的修复需要按照严格的流程,对其修复还需较长过程。

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