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地震和气象专家解析:地震云是否真实存在?哪些天气因素影响震后救援?

2017-08-11 15:56:45   新华网

新华网北京8月11日电(李海韵)8月8日21时19分,四川九寨沟县发生7.0级地震;9日7时27分,新疆精河县发生6.6级地震。地震发生后,全社会迅速开展抗震救灾。那么震区未来天气形势如何,震后救灾需要注意哪些次生灾害?地震云是否真实存在?为何震区余震不断?未来能否实现地震预警?带着这些问题,中国气象网联合新华网邀请地震和气象专家,为您一一解答。

  嘉宾:中国地震台网中心副主任、研究员 刘杰

  中国地震局地震预测研究所副所长、研究员 张晓东

  中国地震局工程力学研究所副所长、研究员 李山有

  中央气象台首席预报员 张芳华

  主持人:新华网记者 李海韵 中国气象报记者 王若嘉 刘佳

地震动强度预测图。来源:中国地震局地球物理研究所

记者:地震速报是如何发出的,公众如何获取?

刘杰:因受台站分布密度的影响,不同地区地震速报结果的产出时间有所不同,全国平均自动地震结果速报时间约3分钟,人工地震结果速报时间11分钟。我国地震结果速报以中国地震台网中心测定结果为官方结果,通过12322、台网中心官方网站、官方微博以及中央级媒体对外发布。

记者:有哪些天气因素影响震后救援工作的开展?未来一段时间,四川九寨沟震区及新疆精河震区天气情况如何?

张晓东:众所周知,地震后出现降雨的概率比较大,较强降雨天气会加重震区次生灾害的发生。震后,由于震区山体有所松动,房屋结构遭到破坏,强降雨易引发山体崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等次生地质灾害。

2008年汶川地震后发生了很多山体崩塌、滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害,有些地方甚至形成了堰塞湖现象。随着上游的积水不断涌入,堰塞湖积累到一定程度就会被大水冲垮,汹涌的洪水冲向下游的县城或乡村,严重威胁当地居民的生命财产安全。

若要避免震后次生灾害发生,带来灾害叠加。首先,气象预警预报很重要。其次,山洪地质灾害的预警预报工作也很重要。对于难以避免的次生灾害,我们可以及时疏散转移人群,加固山体和房屋。

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