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世界首只基因编辑克隆犬诞生 定制宠物或实现

2017-07-08 18:51:31   

来源:封面新闻

原标题:中国诞生世界首只基因编辑克隆犬 将来有望私人定制宠物狗

“苹果”9天照

“龙龙”(“苹果”的体细胞克隆后代)9天照

“苹果”28天照

“龙龙”28天照

封面新闻记者 许雯

日前,有媒体报道称,我国自主培育首例体细胞克隆犬,也是世界首例基因编辑克隆犬。报道认为,这不仅标志中国成为全球第二个独立掌握克隆犬技术的国家,也意味着宠物狗的商业克隆技术在我国正走向现实。

此事是真是假?如果属实,这种克隆犬的技术难度有多大?基因编辑克隆犬又到底是什么?封面新闻(thecover.cn)对负责该项目的公司、中国农业大学有关专家等进行了采访。

中国农大教授参与该项目

克隆犬为什么比克隆牛羊难?

克隆动物中的“网红”当属1996年诞生于英国的克隆羊多莉。多莉的诞生不仅轰动了生物学界,也吸引了全世界的目光。克隆,这个生僻的专业术语也开始变得广为人知。其后,克隆猴、克隆牛纷纷问世。

而犬被认为是最难进行体细胞克隆的动物之一。全程见证克隆犬“龙龙”诞生的中国农业大学动物医学副教授钟友刚是该项目的参与者。

他告诉封面新闻记者,羊和猪的克隆可以通过注射激素促使实验动物排卵后取卵母细胞,但犬只能等待其自然发情后排卵,而犬的生殖生理与其它哺乳动物存在较大差异,发情鉴定较为困难,并且犬排卵后卵母细胞尚未成熟,需要在输卵管成熟,造成卵母细胞的获取难度较大。另外,犬卵母细胞质量较差,对外界条件变化的刺激较为敏感,造成细胞或胚胎体外进行显微操作时容易死亡。

此前,韩国秀岩生命工学研究院(Sooam Biotech)曾是全球唯一掌握犬类克隆技术的机构。黄禹锡教授在2005年就成功克隆了世界第一例体细胞来源的犬。之后,犬的体细胞克隆技术一直掌握在韩国科学家手中,美国首例克隆犬也是在韩国科学家的指导下培育的。

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