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官员:任何转基因安全证书要经得住时间检验

2017-05-06 14:26:19   

原标题:农业部官员:批准任何一个转基因安全证书都要经得住时间检验

5月5日,在2017年农业生物育种产业化高层研讨会上,农业部科教司转基因生物安全与知识产权处副处长张宪法称,我国转基因评价非常严格,经过安全评价上市的都是安全的。

他说,转基因是给世界多了一种选择,转基因产品就是让我们的货架多了一种选择,让玲琅满目的商品又多了一种商品,其实没什么,关键是让公众有选择,喜欢就买,不喜欢就不买。

在安全评价问题上,张宪法表示,国际食品法典委员会、联合国粮农组织、世界卫生组织等国际相关组织,制定了一系列的转基因评价标准。而我国的评价指标要严于国际标准,多于国际标准。转基因安不安全不能笼统地讲,要经过评价之后才能下定论,凡是经过安全评价、上市的转基因食品,都是安全的,可以放心食品。

那么,政府的严格评价是否会影响到我国转基因作物的产业发展呢?

张宪法认为,“我们要乐观度看待这件事情,在转基因安全评价问题上,把关再严格都不过分,就是要严之又严,慎之又慎。我国政府对转基因安全委员会的要求是,批准的任何一个证书都要经得住时间的检验、历史的检验、科学的检验,所以,要坚持慎之又慎的原则来进行安全评价。”

在转基因标识方面,为保障公众的知情权和选择权,我国对转基因产品或食品,实行按目录定性强制标识制度。即凡是列入标识目录的产品,只要含有转基因成分或者是转基因产品加工而成的必须标识。

2002年,我国政府出台《农业转基因生物标识管理办法》制定了首批标识目录,对大豆、油菜、玉米、棉花、番茄5类17种转基因产品,进行强制定性标识,其他转基因产品可自愿标识。

除此以外,政府还发布《农业转基因生物标签的标识》国家标准,新修订的《食品安全法》明确了标识的分段监管。

张宪法提到,虽然上市的转基因产品是安全有保障的,但是吃与不吃是自己的选择,我国在这一点上尊重公众的知情权、选择权,对转基因食品是有标识的。

除了定性按目录强制标识这种标识管理制度外,还有定量全面强制标识,对所有产品只要转基因成分含量超过阈值就必须标识。如欧盟(0.9%)。定量部分强制标识,对特定类别产品只要其转基因成分超过阈值就必须标识。如日本(5%)、韩国(3%)。

张宪法提到,欧盟1997年颁布的新食品管理条例(258/97),设立了对转基因食品进行标识的最低含量阈值,即当食品中某一成分的转基因含量达到该成分的1%时,需进行标识。到2002年,欧盟将这一阈值降低到0.9%。而日本等国家未批准转基因国内商业化种植,把转基因产品标识制度作为农产品贸易保护的重要手段。

至于美国,对转基因产品加工和经营没有特殊要求。转基因产品可以采取自愿进行转基因标识,美国食品药品管理局要求转基因标识必须真实、不能误导消费者。但由于美国的一个州出台了转基因强制标识的法案,2016年美国联邦政府紧急出台《转基因信息披露法案》,禁止各州私自制定各州转基因制度,要求对转基因产品成分进行标注,但是具体办法正在制定中。

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