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国之“神器”:来自C919和“天舟一号”的对话

2017-04-22 10:26:52   新华网

新华社北京4月21日新媒体专电 题:升空,国之“神器”——来自C919和“天舟一号”的对话

18日,国产首架大型客机C919在上海通过首飞放飞评审,即将择机首飞;20日,搭载天舟一号货运飞船的长征七号遥二运载火箭,在海南文昌航天发射场升空,天舟货运飞船和长征七号运载火箭组成的空间站货物运输系统首次飞行试验获得成功。

国产首架大型客机与中国第一艘太空货运飞船,堪称中国自主研发、有自主知识产权的航空航天的两大“神器”。短短三日,两度闪耀地球之巅,带来的不仅仅是经济的发展,科技的创新,更是文化自信和坚定中国特色社会主义道路的自信。

C919:填补我国民用航空工业发展空白

天舟一号:开启中国的空间站时代

作为我国拥有完全自主知识产权的国产大型客机,C919最大载客人数174人,最大航程超过5000公里,与波音737、空客320相当,2008年正式立项,2015年首架机完成总装下线。

C919大型客机项目历经9年创新实践,建成总装移动生产、中央翼、中机身、水平尾翼、全机对接等5条国际先进生产线,攻克了100多项核心关键技术,掌握5大类、20个专业、6000多项民用飞机技术,带动新技术、新材料、新工艺群体性突破。

C919的研制团队采取集群式的技术突破路径,形成了一整套既充分借鉴时代和国际最新成果又有自身特色的标准(特别是适航标准)、流程、工具、方法。这些具有重大基础性、核心性、战略性的技术成果,填补了我国民用航空工业发展的诸多空白。

中国第一艘货运飞船天舟一号,也是中国目前为止体积最大、重量最重的航天器,由货物舱和推进舱组成,总长10.6米,舱体最大直径3.35米,太阳能帆板展开后最大宽度14.9米,整船最大装载状态下重量达13.5吨,物资运输能力约6.5吨,推进剂补加能力约为2吨,具备独立飞行3个月的能力。

天舟一号不但继承了我国载人飞船以及空间实验室的成熟技术,同时还将首次在轨实施飞行器间推进剂补加、以天基测控体制为主实施飞行控制等航天关键技术以及全自主快速交会对接、空间应用与技术载荷等多项研究试验。

天舟一号总设计师、中国航天科技集团公司五院副总设计师白明生说,天舟一号的成功发射,标志着我国已经突破和掌握宇航货运系统关键技术。天舟货运飞船具备较长时间的独立自主飞行能力,不但是中国未来空间站的补给飞船,还可以作为空间科学试验的平台,开启中国空间站时代。

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