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上海出现H7N9禽流感病例 患者系外地中年男性

2016-12-23 04:16:11   

原标题:上海出现H7N9禽流感病例

记者陈里予

晨报讯禽流感来了!上海市卫计委官方网站通报,上海市报告1例江苏来沪就诊的输入性感染H7N9病毒确诊病例。患者张某,男,45岁,江苏南通户籍,于12月21日确诊,现正在积极救治中。上海市疾病防控专家评估后透露,目前上海已经进入H7N9禽流感疫情高发季节,疫情发生风险升高,以散发病例为主。与此同时,活禽市场暴露和自养禽类暴露仍是感染的危险因素。值得注意的是,老年人、有基础疾病者感染后易发生严重并发症。

对于禽流感,很多人都不陌生,几乎每年都会出现。2013年,禽流感出现多例,2014年起,根据《上海市活禽交易管理办法》,上海市活禽交易季节性休市告一段落,禽流感大幅下降。

“禽流感是个大家族,有很多亚型。”上海市疾控中心传染病防治所急性传染病防治科主任潘浩透露,上海的禽流感以H7N9为主,每年冬春季高发。而在安徽、湖南、广东、江西、云南等地陆续发现的H5N1、H9N2、H5N6、H10N8等亚型都没有在上海出现过。根据往年的禽流感感染病例分析,有糖尿病、高血压等基础性疾病的老年人要当心,最近避免接触活禽类,特别是死了的禽类。一旦感染了禽流感后容易发生严重并发症。

记者了解到,最近沪上各大医院已经加强检测,如果临床医生诊断为禽流感,相关人员会追踪感染来源、调查患病原因,并隔离病人,同时将有关信息通知相关监管部门。

上海市疾病防控专家组成员卢洪洲教授强调,市民应保持警觉,采取以下措施,预防H7N9等疫情。接触禽鸟后、饭前便后要洗手;禽肉和蛋要煮熟后再吃。不要食用死禽肉,不要购买来源不明的禽鸟类产品,尽可能避免前往活禽市场。

如果出现发热、咳嗽、头痛、全身不适等呼吸道症状,要及早到就近医疗卫生机构就诊。之前若接触过禽鸟,要主动告诉医生。

[晨报提醒]

最近是不是不能吃家禽了?

实际上这是一种误解。禽流感病毒对外界环境的抵抗力不强,对高温、紫外线、各种消毒药敏感,容易被杀死。病毒在100℃中一分钟可以被消灭,70℃经几分钟即能被灭活。但禽流感病毒可在自然环境,尤其是凉爽和潮湿的条件下存活较长时间,如粪便中和鼻腔分泌物中的病毒。

在厨房中要将生熟分开,牢记不吃生的或半熟的鸡肉、鹅肉、鸭肉等,特别是不要吃半生不熟的鸡蛋。

去动物园观赏鸟类是否安全?

专家表示,如周围没有疫情,鸽子等鸟类就是健康的;如发现附近有鸟类突然死亡,应马上向卫生主管部门报告,并及时进行消毒、隔离,儿童尤其要少接触鸟类和禽类。市民外出游玩时,一旦遇到不明野鸟不要近距离接触,如果看到死去的野鸟更不要好奇,不要碰。

H7N9禽流感

症状是什么?

人感染H7N9禽流感潜伏期一般为7天以内。患者一般表现为流感样症状,如发热,咳嗽,少痰,可伴有头痛、肌肉酸痛和全身不适。重症患者表现为重症肺炎,体温大多持续在39℃以上,出现呼吸困难,可伴有咳血痰;可快速进展出现急性呼吸窘迫综合征、纵隔气肿、脓毒症、休克、意识障碍及急性肾损伤等。

责任编辑:曲格林 CN064
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