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央媒刊文:在社交平台使用中文表情包需要规范

2016-10-15 16:17:51   人民网

图为“洪荒少女”傅园慧的表情包

原标题:玩转表情包助力学中文

近年来,表情包凭借其新颖的创意和幽默的画风,迅速占领各大网络社交平台,成为人们在社交软件上聊天时离不开的新宠。“洪荒少女”傅园慧在里约奥运会游泳比赛后接受采访时充满个性的夸张表情,被网友配上文字制作成表情包;韩国小网红宋民国萌化人心的可爱动作也被制作成动态图片,成为无数女生微信聊天时的必备表情。不知不觉间,中文表情包已然成为一套通用、流行的网络话语表达体系,“表情包文化”也逐渐进入主流文化视野,成为一种无法忽视的网络文化现象。

全民使用表情包

聊天表情大体可以分为以下三类:一是抽象化的字母或标点符号的组合,也就是“颜文字”,如表示笑脸的“∶)”、表示伤心的“T_T”、“QAQ”、表示跪下的“Orz”等;二是社交软件中的各种人脸表情;三是文字和图片相结合的图片表情。第三类聊天表情常以时下流行的明星、语录、动漫、影视截图为素材,配上简短幽默的文字,制作成静态或动态图片,用以在聊天过程中表达特定的情感。由于这类图片表情常以成对或成组的形式出现,因此也被称作“表情包”。不同风格的聊天表情亦能体现不同年龄段人们的审美趣味。

表情包是网络语言的一种进化,它的产生和流行与其特定的“生存环境”有关。其追求醒目、新奇、谐谑等效果的特点,与年轻人张扬个性和搞怪的心理相符。河北科技师范学院副教授吕雪菊认为:“表情包之所以能够大范围地传播,是因为其弥补了文字交流的枯燥和态度表达不准确的弱点,有效地提高了沟通效率。部分表情包具有替代文字的功能,还可以节省打字时间。”随着智能手机的全面普及和社交应用软件的大量使用,表情包已经高频率地出现在人们的网络聊天对话当中。

表情包兼有利弊

表情包有助于人们在网络聊天的过程中生动、准确地表达自己的观点,也能帮助外国汉语学习者以更加有趣的方式学习汉语。但是,在使用表情包时,我们也应注意其中的一些问题。

山东大学中文系韩国留学生许旨绚喜欢使用动态文字表情。“我在聊天时经常会用‘赞’‘帅’或者‘什么鬼’这些比较简单、夸张的动态文字表情来表达想法。通过使用文字表情,我也在不知不觉中学会写这些汉字了。”她还补充道,刚来中国的时候,表情包调动起了她学习中文的兴趣,与中国同学对话时也会用到表情包中的汉字,这样同学就能很快理解她的意思。“令我印象最深的是一只熊猫把手向上指着的表情,还配上了‘楼上是小学生’这几个字,”许旨绚比划着说,“意思是如果我说过的话出现在这张图之前,那么我就是小学生了,真是让我哭笑不得。”

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