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最高法:非法进入我国领海可判刑

2016-08-02 11:50:58   新华网

原标题:明确海上司法管辖 确保海上依法行政 最高法有关负责人解读涉海案件司法解释

新华社北京8月2日电(记者 罗沙)非法进入我国领海是否要受刑法制裁?非法捕捞水产品如何定罪?无证捕捞屡禁不止怎么办?……《最高人民法院关于审理发生在我国管辖海域相关案件若干问题的规定》公布后,最高人民法院相关负责人就公众关心的问题接受了记者采访。

管辖海域不止于领海 犯罪行为将受刑法制裁

“《联合国海洋法公约》在领海之外,还赋予沿海国在毗连区、专属经济区、大陆架等海域享有一定的主权权利与管辖权。”最高人民法院相关负责人表示,我国国内立法同样也有相应规定,司法解释据此进一步明确了我国海上司法管辖权,对于依法处理海上违法犯罪的具体执法,维护海洋生物资源与生态环境,具有重要意义。

司法解释规定,我国管辖海域是指中华人民共和国内水、领海、毗连区、专属经济区、大陆架,以及中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域。中国公民或者外国人在我国管辖海域实施非法猎捕、杀害珍贵濒危野生动物或者非法捕捞水产品等犯罪的,依照我国刑法追究刑事责任。

“近年来在我国管辖海域,非法猎捕、杀害珍贵濒危野生动物、非法捕捞水产品等行为时有发生,还有外国船只、外国人进入我国专属经济区等海域实施犯罪活动。”该负责人说,适用刑法打击我国管辖海域违法犯罪活动,有利于维护我领土主权和海洋权益。

值得注意的是,这部司法解释内容涵盖了刑事、民事及行政诉讼三个领域,这在最高法近年来出台的司法解释中极为罕见。最高法相关负责人解释说,涉海案件法律适用问题涉及领域广泛,把涉海刑事、行政、民事规定在一个司法解释中,有助于各级法院综合理解与适用。

他表示,各地海事法院近年来审理了多起发生在我国管辖海域的海事案件,人民法院对钓鱼岛、黄岩岛、西沙群岛、南沙群岛及其附近海域的司法管辖从未间断。

“司法权是国家主权的重要组成部分。”该负责人表示,人民法院将进一步加强海事司法制度体系构建,重新梳理和审视现行涉海刑事、行政、民事司法解释和其他规范性文件,合理构建一套统分结合、全面协调的涉海司法规范体系,坚持公正司法,确保海洋法律严格实施。

非法进入领海可判刑 非法捕捞定罪标准提高

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