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损害中国主权权益的图谋注定破产

2016-07-14 03:50:28   光明日报

【以正视听·聚焦南海】

菲律宾阿基诺三世政府单方面提起的所谓南海仲裁案裁决7月12日出笼了。中国政府坚定表达了对临时仲裁庭审理中菲南海仲裁案“不接受、不参与”,对仲裁结果“不接受、不执行”的严正立场,呼吁菲方尽快回到磋商对话渠道,展示务实和善意,以解决中菲南海争议。中国政府的这一立场不仅有理有据,也得到了国际社会近70个国家和地区组织的响应和支持。

所谓的仲裁之所以引起关注,原因有三:一是人们好奇临时仲裁庭的5位法官究竟会展示什么样的法律专业能力,适用《联合国海洋法公约》原则来提供中菲南海争议的“客观和准确”的判断?二是临时仲裁庭就是一个“草台班子”,其人员构成几乎是清一色的欧洲海洋法专家,唯一的非洲法官还是在欧洲教育和成长起来的。人们好奇,这样一个仲裁机构究竟如何能够“公正和公平”地介入既涉及历史又涉及法律,既涉及《公约》又涉及各种国际习惯法的南海主权争议?三是在美国等西方国家幕后插手和西方舆论的鼓噪之下,所谓的仲裁其实是司法外衣掩盖下的一出丑陋的“政治闹剧”。人们好奇,仲裁庭审议和裁决讨论过程如何能够做到看起来像是在秉持“独立的司法主义”?

随着所谓仲裁案裁决的出台,世人得以看清了临时仲裁庭的真面目。临时仲裁庭在整个南海仲裁案中的表现,不仅是擅自“扩权”“越权”,明显背离《公约》的基本精神,更是把本来严肃的司法审议变成了一幕荒唐的“政治闹剧”。

菲律宾一共提出了15项针对中国的仲裁指控,2015年10月29日临时仲裁庭在可受理性和管辖权判决中,宣布对其中的7项进行诉讼受理、1项要求菲律宾补充材料、其余7项在审理中决定是否受理。菲律宾所提出的诉讼内容的本质是将原本《公约》不予调整的主权争议,包装成了所谓《公约》条款的澄清和《公约》执行中的争议。临时仲裁庭完全忽视中国2006年就主权争议、海洋划界和历史性权利等问题所作出的不接受国际司法仲裁的“排除性声明”,枉顾菲律宾仲裁诉求的“法律陷阱”,做出完全和《公约》精神冲突的管辖权和可受理性裁决,这本身就是一个妄裁之举。

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