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多措施难改“首堵”局面 专家争议北京收拥堵费

2016-05-31 08:48:59    综合

导读

“如果北京一旦实施交通拥堵收费,这有可能将成为其他城市效仿的样本。”发改委综合运输研究所研究员董焰接受21世纪经济报道记者采访时提醒说,一项公共政策的出台,要全方位多角度予以考量。

特约记者 张梦洁 北京报道

“我只能表示理解。”在北京或将加快推出拥堵费的消息传出后,一位接受媒体采访的北京市民表示。

近日,在北京政协的雾霾治理协商会上,北京环保局和交通委等部门明确表示,已经初步制定交通拥堵收费政策方案和技术方案,目前正处于进一步深入研究和论证阶段。

这意味着,北京征收拥堵费已经箭在弦上。

作为“首堵”城市,高德地图数据显示,尽管北京去年实行3次单双号限行政策(全国最多),但依然是全国最为拥堵的城市:高峰拥堵延时指数2.06,平均车速22.61公里/小时。

然而,从世界各国的经验看,“拥堵费”对拥堵的作用不一。此外,上海、广西南宁也曾就是否开征拥堵费做过研究。

“如果北京一旦实施交通拥堵收费,这有可能将成为其他城市效仿的样本。”发改委综合运输研究所研究员董焰接受21世纪经济报道记者采访时提醒说,一项公共政策的出台,要全方位多角度予以考量。

  摇摆中的拥堵费

事实上,北京希望就拥堵收费,已经不是一件新鲜事了。所谓拥堵费,指的是在交通拥挤时段,对部分区域道路使用者收取一定费用的价格调节手段。

早在2010年12月,北京市出台28条措施缓解交通拥堵,“研究制定重点拥堵路段或区域交通拥堵收费方案,择机实施”,征收拥堵费开始清晰地浮出水面。

而后的2013年9月,北京市环保局发布《北京市2013-2017年清洁空气行动计划》,要求交通委和环保局牵头,“研究城市低排放区交通拥堵费征收方案”。这标志着拥堵收费正式进入官方议题中,但实施范围的措辞从此前的拥堵路段和区域,变为城市低排放区。

此后,几乎每一年都会传出北京即将征收拥堵费的消息,但屡屡被搁置。比如,在2014年年初北京环保局印发《全市2014年流动污染源监管工作细则》之时,媒体就曾报道称这一政策将在2014年制定完成,并最快在2015年实施。

但拥堵费仍然“只听楼梯响,未见人下来”。就在几个月前,北京市交通委委员、新闻发言人容军在今年北京市两会期间表示,这项政策的实施目前还没有时间表,政策涉及面大,政府将会慎重研究。“是叫拥堵费,还是叫减排费,还是两个都包含,都不确定。”此外,还要就具体收费方式、技术路径、收费区域等方面进行充分研究。

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