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转基因技术推广路线图公布 首先发展非食用作物

2016-04-14 01:20:59    经济参考报

原标题:农业部公布转基因技术推广路线图

农业部科技教育司司长廖西元13日在新闻发布会上明确表示,通过安全评价审批的转基因产品是安全的,将按照非食用→间接食用→食用的路线图推进转基因作物的产业化。 今年的中央一号文件强调,要加强农业转基因技术研发和监管,在确保安全的基础上慎重推广。2015年,我国转基因作物只有转基因棉花推广种植5000万亩,番木瓜种植15万亩。市场对未来我国转基因产业将如何发展非常关注。

廖西元表示,推进转基因作物的产业化,一是严格按照法律法规开展安全评价和安全管理,获得生产应用安全证书;二是按照非食用→间接食用→食用的路线图,首先发展非食用的经济作物,其次是饲料作物、加工原料作物,再次是一般食用作物,最后是口粮作物;三是充分考虑产业的需求,重点解决制约我国农业发展的,比如抗病抗虫、节水抗旱、高产优质等瓶颈问题。

廖西元说,目前我国批准发放了转基因棉花、番木瓜、水稻、玉米等作物生产应用安全证书,以及大豆、玉米、油菜、棉花、甜菜进口安全证书。虽然发放的安全证书安全性是有保障的,但在我国商业化种植还需满足以下三个条件:一是进口安全证书的品种还需获得生产应用安全证书。二是主要农作物还需要按《种子法》的规定通过品种审定。即使是非转基因主要农作物的品种,也得通过审定才能种植。三是种子生产经营者还需要经过知识产权权利人的同意才能生产经营。

廖西元表示,基于我国现有转基因大豆、玉米、水稻研发状况,以及产业需求,我们目前还没有批准商业化种植。所以尽管获得安全证书的品种是安全的,但是私自种植,因为违反了《种子法》《专利法》和《农业转基因生物安全管理条例》,所以要严肃依法查处。

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