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媒体:小区拆墙是偿还粗放发展欠账

2016-02-24 00:20:51    综合

这两天,最热的话题莫过于“拆墙”。

近期,中央公布了《关于进一步加强城市规划建设管理工作的若干意见》,其中“原则上不再建设封闭住宅小区,已建成的住宅小区和单位大院要逐步打开,实现内部道路公共化”的条目,引发热议。

从多个平台的调查结果看,7成以上的网友都不赞同拆除封闭住宅小区的围墙,这个数据和我们朋友圈的观感吻合,基本反映民意。今天上午,岛叔在朋友圈做了一个内部小测验。其中,有房的都不乐意放弃封闭住宅小区,理由无非“安全”,而没房的对这政策非常赞成,理由无非“治堵”。

一方是私人权益,另一方是公共利益,两者的博弈,构成了中国改革的曲折路径。

  “血栓”

公说公有理,婆说婆有理。

有人翻出了上世纪90年代初公安部一杂志《人民公安》的文章,上面有文章介绍北京某地封闭小区试点经验。当时的背景就是治安问题。采用封闭式管理后,小区自行车的失窃率、财物盗窃案件明显下降,几乎绝迹。这在当时是作为成功的试点案例被光荣介绍。

封闭式小区的确对住在其中的住户提供了安全保障。进区有保安,进门有防盗门,就岛叔所住的不豪华小区看,有了规范的物业,治安的确好很多,小区紧张的地面上也划出了一个个停车位,有社区公园、健身场地、图书馆,去年还办了社区食堂。在这个封闭的院墙里,远离大马路的喧嚣,居委会卖力地为属地居民提供更好的公共服务。

封闭管理的小区像极了一片自给自足的净土。

不过,你只要一出门,心情立马就糟糕,到处都是堵堵堵。北京的大城市病早就有专家诊断过,就是缺乏城市交通的毛细血管,车子无法在街巷里安静穿梭,只能在大马路上堵着狂摁喇叭。堵住这些毛细血管的,就是这些大小块头的封闭式小区和存在年数更久的机关大院,我们看手机地图,这种块状分割的大社区在北京随处可见,动辄几十、上百亩地,你要从东路走到西路,只能绕一大圈。这些“大社区”已然成了城市交通血管里的“血栓”。

  优越感

其实,老北京的街巷格局就是我们今天学习的先进的“街区制”,虽然四合院也有墙,但胡同四通八达,走不了大车,至少能走行人自行车,这就是城市交通的微循环。

五六十年前,我们学习苏联老大哥搞计划经济,每个机关大院都成为一个自给自足的实体。当时荒地也多,随便一划,就是一大片,搞个围墙围起来,墙内是办公区,也是生活区,有自己的食堂、活动室,甚至还有幼儿园、小学,从出生到老死,大院服务一条龙。很多人以“大院子弟”自诩,这背后,还是有种权力的优越感。高高的围墙,隔离的是民众和权力。

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