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发改委回应“成品油价格为什么设置上下限”

2016-01-13 16:45:43   中国新闻网

原标题:发改委就进一步完善成品油价格机制有关问题答记者问

中新网1月13日电据发改委网站消息,国家发展改革委今日发布消息,决定进一步完善成品油价格机制,并按新机制降低国内成品油价格。发展改革委有关负责人表示,2014年下半年以来,国际市场油价从每桶110美元快速下跌至40美元以下,成品油价格机制在运行过程中出现了一些不适应的问题。

负责人表示,为减轻国际市场油价过高或过低对国内市场的影响,保障国内能源长期安全,有必要对国内成品油价格机制设置调控上下限。调控上限为每桶130美元,下限为每桶40美元,即当国际市场油价高于每桶130美元时,汽、柴油最高零售价格不提或少提;低于40美元时,汽、柴油最高零售价格不降低;在40美元-130美元之间运行时,国内成品油价格按机制正常调整,该涨就涨,该降就降。

负责人还表示,为减缓油价波动带来的不利影响,建立油价调控风险准备金。当国际市场油价低于调控下限时,国内成品油价格未调金额全部纳入风险准备金,主要用于促进节能减排、提升油品质量及保障石油供应安全等方面。

问:为什么要进一步完善成品油价格机制?

答:现行成品油价格机制是2013年修改完善的。3年来,机制运行平稳,效果显著,能够更加灵敏反映国际市场油价变化,保证了成品油市场正常供应,促进了市场有序竞争,同时,价格调整透明度增强,市场化程度进一步提高,得到了社会各方面肯定和认同。

2014年下半年以来,世界石油市场格局发生了深刻变化,国际市场油价从每桶110美元快速下跌至40美元以下,成品油价格机制在运行过程中出现了一些不适应的问题:一是国际市场油价持续走低的影响逐步显现。过低的油价不利于我国石油产业的长期健康发展,也不利于新能源和可替代能源发展。二是成品油价格调整与市场化目标尚有差距。因此,国家决定修改完善现行成品油价格机制,并进一步推进价格市场化。

问:成品油价格机制为什么要设置调控上下限?

答:我国既是石油进口和消费大国,也是石油生产大国,油价过高或过低都会对经济产生不利影响。油价过高,会加大用油行业和消费者负担,影响国民经济平稳运行。油价过低,短期看可降低石油进口和供应成本,但由于我国石油资源禀赋差、生产成本高,长期看会导致国内原油产能萎缩,削弱我国石油自给能力,使我国已达60%的石油对外依存度快速并大幅上升,不利于保障能源安全。另外,过低的油价不利于资源节约使用和治理空气污染,也不利于能源结构调整和新能源发展。

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