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检察官谈司法鉴定:精神病鉴定易被假象掩盖

2015-09-21 03:10:12   京华时报

6月20日,江苏南京,马自达被宝马撞成两截。图/东方IC

“急性短暂性精神障碍”,近期最火的网络热词。备受关注的“南京宝马撞碎马自达案”因嫌疑人王季进被司法鉴定为作案时患有“急性短暂性精神障碍”、具有限制刑事责任能力,再度成为舆论焦点,该案的司法鉴定结论引来网友一片质疑声。

涉案人事发时精神病是否发作,对案件定性及定罪量刑影响至关重要。不少公众认为,“精神病司法鉴定”这一“技术问题”过于神秘,不够透明。那么如何鉴定涉案人是否患有精神病?又如何防止正常人冒充精神病患者逃避或者减轻法律制裁呢?近日,记者就此进行了深入采访。

精神病人在不能辨认或者不能控制自己行为的时候造成危害结果,经法定程序鉴定确认的,不负刑事责任;间歇性的精神病人在精神正常的时候犯罪,应当负刑事责任,尚未完全丧失辨认或者控制自己行为能力的精神病人犯罪的,应当负刑事责任,但是可以从轻或者减轻处罚。

——《刑法》第18条

 □案例

  男子持斧头杀死继母 鉴定精神病获刑15年

2014年6月12日15时许,在北京市昌平区南邵镇家中,李某无端对继母阴某(女,殁年69岁)产生不满,遂持斧子反复猛砸正在午睡的阴某头部数下,致其颅脑损伤死亡。李某作案后主动向公安机关投案。

北 京市公安局昌平分局南邵派出所出具的《110接处警记录》显示:2014年6月12日15时30分,一男子报警称用斧子把阿姨杀死了,该报警人口齿不清, 疑似精神异常。根据中国移动北京分公司出具的李某手机通话记录,案发当天15时32分至34分,李某连续三次拨打110电话报警,随后又给父亲拨打电话。

事后,北京市公安局强制治疗管理处司法鉴定中心出具的《精神病司法鉴定意见书》显示,被鉴定人李某诊断为器质性精神障碍,实施违法行为时受精神疾病影响,辨认和控制能力受损,评定为限制刑事责任能力。

庭审中,李某辩称他在侦查机关供述时头脑一片空白,所做供述不真实,其只想吓唬吓唬继母,没想杀死她,所以行为不构成故意杀人罪。

一 中院经审理认为,公诉人当庭播放出示的讯问录像显示李某自行供述了犯罪事实,且供述自然;李某在侦查阶段的供述形式及来源合法,且经其签字确认,内容真 实;经庭审举证、质证的被告人供述、证人证言、《尸体检验鉴定书》、《现场勘验笔录》及现场录像等在案证据足以证实被告人持斧连续用力击打被害人阴某头部 要害部位,致被害人颅脑损伤死亡,其行为具有明显的剥夺被害人生命的主观故意,并非故意伤害行为,故该意见法院不予采纳。

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