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中国卫星发射降价 印度不服:“我们更有竞争力”

2017-11-16 00:59:34   参考消息

参考消息网11月16日报道 印媒称,先是中国宣布要把卫星发射价格降到每千克5000美元,然后印度空间研究组织(ISRO)在14号说,他们做好了充分准备,打算降低发射成本,参与全球竞争。

据《印度斯坦时报》网站11月14日报道,卫星发射价格通常不对外公开,但一名中国官员本月在北京参加航空航天论坛时罕见地表示,中国计划降低发射成本。

资料图片:印度成功发射一箭312017623日,在印度东南部安得拉邦的萨蒂什·达万航天中心,运载火箭发射升空。

作为回应,一名ISRO官员称,印度机构不仅“具有竞争力”,而且努力通过新技术降低发射成本,目标是把成本控制在现有水平的“十分之一”。

中国航天科技集团公司副总经理杨保华在北京论坛上说,集团公司“准备提供更廉价、更便捷的低轨道火箭发射服务”。

中国媒体援引杨保华的话说:“低地轨道每千克发射价格有望降低至5000美元,发射准备周期可缩短为一周。”

以性价比著称的ISRO有能力竞争吗?

ISRO发言人德维普拉萨德·卡尔尼克如此回应中国的计划:“我们有较强的竞争力。”他说:“从目前的全球发射成本水平来看,印度具有较强的竞争力。印度已经为28个国家发射了209颗卫星,包括纳米卫星、微型卫星、迷你卫星和标准规格的卫星。全球都在努力降低上太空的成本,希望降到目前的十分之一。印度同样在朝这一方向努力。”

由美国洛克希德-马丁公司和波音公司合作组建的联合发射联盟公司负责为美国政府提供发射服务。如果使用联合发射联盟公司的火箭,每一千克费用在14000美元到20000美元。提供私人发射服务的美国太空探索技术公司计划使用具有一定可回收功能的火箭,以便把成本降到每千克2500美元左右。

ISRO的低价格与高成功率则备受外国客户青睐。使用阿丽亚娜航天公司的火箭发射一颗卫星需要1亿美元,而且已经刨去了补贴。太空探索技术公司的要价是6000万美元。相比之下,ISRO从2013年到2015年的平均要价是每颗卫星300万美元。

报道称,安特里克斯公司是ISRO组建的商用部门,被许多人视为价值3355亿美元国际太空市场的有力竞争者。ISRO更善于利用新兴的小型卫星市场,比如发射用于建立太空基高速互联网的卫星。

卡尔尼克拒绝透露ISRO的每千克要价,但他强调说印度已经服务过28个国家,包括德国、加拿大、荷兰和以色列,由此可见ISRO的运营模式极具竞争力。

卡尔尼克表示,中国努力降低发射成本体现了全球趋势。“我刚才说过了,全球趋势就是降低上太空的成本,要降到现在普遍成本的十分之一。”

报道称,中国的太空计划走在印度前面,目前已完成六次载人飞行。但中国还是非常关注印度商用发射项目,希望降低中国自身的发射成本。

今年2月,ISRO打破俄罗斯人创造的一次性发射卫星数量的纪录。

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