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最年轻诺奖得主马拉拉被牛津录取(图)

2017-08-20 07:50:14   新京报

马拉拉与联合国秘书长潘基文

塔利班政权在阿富汗成立之初,是得到了美国政府的认可和支持的。甚至就在911事件前夕,美国还给予了其4300万美金的资金支持。2001年后,美国全向反恐,与“基地”组织过从甚密的塔利班成为了重点打击对象。在美国主导下的北约西方世界,开始将其认定为恐怖组织。对恐怖主义的后怕,渐渐演变为对逊尼派、普什图的仇恨以及对整个伊斯兰文明的抵触。就是在这样的背景下,一个振臂高呼教育权利的巴基斯坦小姑娘,开始引起人们的兴趣。

2009年春天,《纽约时报》记者亚当艾利斯找到了马拉拉的父亲萨胡丁·优素福·扎伊,并为他和马拉拉拍摄了一部纪录片,名为《消失的教室》。萨胡丁是斯瓦特当地一所女子学校的创办者兼校长,马拉拉是其中的学生。塔利班没有炸毁他的学校,但是也基本上摧毁了其正常运营。片中的马拉拉,面庞稚气,眼睛明亮。十一岁的她紧攥着自己的书包,坚定地说,“他们无法阻止我,我要受教育,我要实现我的理想。”

纪录片一经播出,引起了世界范围的轰动。人们的眼光聚焦到了这个身陷于塔利班专政苦海、年少却有思想的女孩。她与美国驻巴基斯坦代表理查霍布鲁克会面,恳请帮助;接受CNN专访,昭告天下;“我有大声说话的权利”;被国际儿童和平奖提名;获得巴基斯坦首届青年和平奖。女权主义者爱她的勇气和意志,爱她为同龄女孩争取权利的担当力和使命感;儿童保护者爱她独挑大梁,让世界看到了千万个不幸孩童的身影;自由主义者爱她对知识的渴求,爱她明白教育是通往更好世界的天梯;西方国家爱她,没有比她更好的反恐宣传材料了;第三世界爱她,相信“巴基斯坦的女儿”能为他们带来消失已久的宁静与希望。

于是,就在这个发达国家内心惶惶不安、满腹苦水无处倾倒的后恐怖主义时代,马拉拉应运而生了。她填补了西方世界的心理需求,以及第三世界的生理需求。

然而,在马拉拉的故乡斯瓦特,却传来了另一种声音。学校中的女孩子不认为马拉拉是她们的“偶像”,甚至有许多人觉得,她整天抛头露面,却没有为这一地区教育的发展做出任何实质的贡献,一切还是照旧。更为可怕的是,有人开始质疑马拉拉多年来所描述的困境的真实性。当地一名女校的老师说--她所在的学校从未受到过塔利班的威胁。“夸大危机、污蔑普什图文明、西方的棋子”等种种骂名也纷至沓来,更有甚者声称,马拉拉其实是美国中情局的间谍。

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