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日媒:中国在非加速铁路建设 非洲各国领导人发声

2017-08-10 10:52:30   海外网

据《日本经济新闻》网站8月8日报道,中国正在非洲加速推进铁路建设。在肯尼亚开通了连接首都内罗毕与港口蒙巴萨的“蒙内铁路”,在埃塞俄比亚建设的通往邻国吉布提港口的铁路也即将竣工。各方均期待由此激发物流与经济活力。中国推进的“一带一路”倡议建立连接中国与欧洲的自主经济圈,其中也加入了非洲。

资料图片:5月31日,由中国企业承建的肯尼亚蒙巴萨-内罗毕标轨铁路(蒙内铁路)正式建成通车。在肯尼亚蒙巴萨,蒙内铁路列车员在站台等候旅客登车。新华社记者潘思危摄

中国有意通过资金援助等推动非洲各地的铁路建设计划。

“这是肯尼亚新历史的开端”,连接肯尼亚首都内罗毕与贸易港口蒙巴萨的高铁开通时,肯尼亚总统肯雅塔这样向海外媒体强调。对于逐渐向首都内罗毕聚集的产业来说,铁路的开通有助于推动出口。另外,这条铁路还计划延伸到卢旺达、乌干达、布隆迪和埃塞俄比亚。

报道称,在肯尼亚的邻国埃塞俄比亚,连接首都亚的斯亚贝巴与吉布提的铁路也即将开通。埃塞俄比亚是内陆国家,建设能向出口港大量运输货物的铁路成为一直以来的课题。以前利用卡车运输需要3天时间,如果利用铁路能大幅缩短至不到12小时。

在西非国家,连接尼日利亚首都阿布贾与卡杜纳的铁路在2016年开通。还在推进向沿海地区的商业城市拉各斯延伸的计划。这些铁路网的建设均由中国提供援助。非洲的基础设施建设是“一带一路”倡议的项目之一。

报道称,在5月举行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛上,埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚的领导人与欧洲和亚洲等国家的领导人一同亮相。登台发言的埃塞俄比亚总理海尔马里亚姆称赞说:“(中国)是帮助我们摆脱贫困、实现繁荣的可靠伙伴”。

报道认为,非洲要想实现经济发展需要铁路和港口等基础设施,但建设需要大量资金。另一方面,中国能通过铁路和港口等构建贸易路线,并建立自主经济圈发挥影响力。非洲在被视为产品出口地的同时,还被当作薪资上涨的中国制造业向海外转移的目的地。

中国提供的资金援助规模非常大。据美国约翰霍普金斯大学调查,在中国的对非洲融资中运输基础设施最多。2000年~2015年,中国对非洲实施了约300亿美元融资。在铁路的工程总投资方面,估算肯尼亚约为30亿美元,埃塞俄比亚约为40亿美元,其中大部分是中国的融资。

报道称,关注非洲铁路需求的不仅有中国。在莫桑比克,日本三井物产与巴西资源巨头淡水河谷运营的铁路和港口于5月开通。西非国家贝宁与尼日尔两国政府正与法国综合企业波洛莱集团推进铁路建设。将建设连接尼日尔与贝宁港口的约1000公里铁路,未来还计划连接科特迪瓦。这条线路作为西非铁路环线备受期待。

日媒称,因存在运输瓶颈,非洲的经济发展一直受阻。即使每个国家都比较小,但如果能通过铁路连接多个国家建立经济圈,非洲作为市场的魅力也将提高。

责任编辑:韩佟 CL1368
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