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【环球时报记者苑基荣薛小乐】正在热映的国产大片《战狼2》很多令人血脉贲张的镜头取景于南非贫民窟。导演兼主演吴京接受采访时曾说:“摄制组被15名当地保镖押着进贫民窟拍摄”,并被警告夜里12点前必须结束拍摄,否则不能保证他们安全走出贫民窟。南非贫民窟真的如此“凶险”?《环球时报》记者曾多次进入索韦托、亚历山大等南非贫民窟,亲眼目睹了那里的贫困,感受过那种危机四伏的氛围。
索韦托贫民窟一角。
铁皮屋是百万贫民的家
南非有超过800万人口居住在贫民窟里,仅在约翰内斯堡周围,就有数十个大小不一的贫民窟。其中最大的贫民窟索韦托,聚集贫民多达百万。索韦托位于约翰内斯堡西南24公里。《环球时报》记者曾在当地侨领带领下前往索韦托。这里是当地人不建议靠近的“险恶之地”。大部分索韦托居民住在由彩钢板或石棉瓦搭建的几米见方的小房子里,十几家甚至几十家共用一个简陋卫生间。有的家庭很少用上电和水。简陋房屋外面晾晒着五颜六色的衣服。从远处望去,成片简陋的房屋密密麻麻地挤在起伏的丘陵上。有些地方污水横流,河流里漂浮着大量垃圾。《战狼2》在索韦托拍摄的场景就是其房屋拥挤简陋的常态。类似场景在约翰内斯堡其他贫民窟都存在。
这些房屋被称为“火柴盒”“铁皮屋”或“大象屋”等。“火柴盒”是三四十人的集体宿舍;“大象屋”是当地人盖的简易房屋,租给外来黑人,这些粗制的房屋都有微微拱起的屋顶,类似大象后背;铁皮屋则是私人搭建形成的简易棚户。
除了索韦托,第二大贫民窟就是亚历山大。从约翰内斯堡机场出来,沿着国家1号公路向城里行驶就会发现一片在山坡上的简陋房屋,这就是亚历山大。此外,第三大贫民窟迪普思卢特面积只有8.8平方公里,却生活着大约35万人。
这里是黑社会的天下,政府力量很小。当地人告诉记者,单独进入贫民窟,非常危险,不仅会被抢劫,还可能把命搭上。吴京曾发微博说,“南非先遣队在贫民窟被抢,人员无伤亡……兄弟们,请多带点保镖”。
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