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IS头目巴格达迪的诡异人生:从神学家到嗜血屠夫

2017-07-13 15:33:49   环球时报

据伊拉克苏马里亚电视台网站7月11日报道,在中东肆虐多年的极端组织“伊斯兰国”发布声明,承认其头目巴格达迪已经死亡。在“伊斯兰国”的头目之外,巴格达迪究竟是何许人?他为什么会走上从事恐怖主义活动的道路呢?

“伊斯兰国”头目巴格达迪于2014年的影像

难圆律师梦

艾布·伯克尔·巴格达迪于1971年6月28日出生在伊拉克萨马拉附近的一个伊斯兰教逊尼派部落,他出生证明上的名字并非巴格达迪(阿语中巴格达迪之意是巴格达人,但他并非巴格达人),而是易卜拉欣·阿瓦德·易卜拉欣·阿勒白德里·阿勒萨玛里。

1970年的伊拉克萨马拉街景,萨马拉在巴格达北面

在巴格达迪上小学的时候,他曾因成绩不好被迫留级一年。1991年时他以481分的成绩(满分600分)从高中毕业,而在高中文凭中他获得了一个特殊的称号——烈士的兄弟,因为他的弟弟在两伊战争期间曾应征入伍,并战死沙场,这给巴格达迪造成了不小的影响。巴格达迪自己则因视力不佳而未能参军。

两伊战争期间的伊拉克军队

高中毕业后,巴格达迪申请进入巴格达大学学习。他的第一志愿是法律,第二是语言学,第三则是教育学,但由于他的高中成绩不够好,未能进入上述任何一个专业,最后他进入了巴格达大学的伊斯兰教法学院学习。

巴格达迪的高中成绩单

经过几年的学习,巴格达迪拿到了古兰经研究的学士学位,并在2002年拿到了硕士学位,他的硕士学位论文题目是古兰经诵读,次年他与自己的第一位妻子在伊拉克安巴尔省结婚。在他的同辈人看来,巴格达迪是一个害羞且给人印象不深的神学学者,而且是个反对暴力的人。到2004年,他已在巴格达西郊一处逊尼派与什叶派混居的贫民区内的一间清真寺里住了超过十年。

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