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英国研究发现:排入河道里的避孕药让鱼变性了

2017-07-05 11:31:39   封面新闻

(原标题:英国研究发现:排入河道里的避孕药让鱼变性了)

近日,据英国媒体报道,一项重大研究发现,英国河流里的鱼儿被排入河道里的包括女性避孕药在内的各种人造化学物质污染,导致一些雄性鱼长出了卵巢组织。也就是说,鱼变性了。

今年6月,一系列相关研究发布结果,显示一些鱼在受到环境里化学污染的情况下会进行性别交换。这项长达25年的研究重点考察一系列化合物对女性荷尔蒙雌激素产生的影响。这样的研究发现可以说,让人类相当震惊。

这项研究由英国埃克塞特大学的Charles Tyler教授主导,他是一名环境生物学家和生殖学家,主要研究的方向就是化学物质对野生动物的内分泌干扰。研究显示,有超过2000种化合物被认为是环境中的类雌激素,这意味着如同人类女性身上分泌的雌激素一样,这些环境中的类雌激素将给生物体带来同样效果。

这种鲤科的鱼在英国很常见

在过去的25年,Charles Tyler教授带领团队监测了英国全国50个地方的水质和鱼,重点调查鮈鱼和斑马鱼。这是一种常见的小型鱼,体淡灰或淡绿色,广泛分布在欧洲和西亚的淡水鱼,经常是人们餐桌上的美餐。Tyler教授的团队发现,类雌激素在水域中对雄性鱼会产生类似于光谱一样或深或浅的影响。

“这些类雌激素不仅会影响繁殖,也不仅会让其变性”,Tyler教授在接受采访时如是说,“鱼儿的行为举止也变了,它们的免疫系统以及骨骼结构都在发生变化。”

“雄性鮈鱼表现出的攻击性越来越小,而且讨厌和其他雄鱼竞争,甚至有些还开始产卵,因此它们更不可能繁殖了。”

就目前的研究而言,还不清楚雄性鮈鱼是否会经历一系列复杂的性别转化,从而长出卵巢而不是睾丸。

只是冰山一角

Tyler教授的团队发现,这些化合物存在于家庭废水、工业废水、化肥、塑料、清洁剂、化妆品中,比如双酚。同时,在避孕药以及荷尔蒙替代治疗药物中也发现了它们。

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