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科学家首次破译埃及木乃伊基因组

2017-06-27 03:49:45   新华社

原标题:科学家首次破译埃及木乃伊基因组

新华社北京6月26日电由于现存方法学上的问题,迄今有关埃及木乃伊基因的研究并不多,但近日一个国际研究团队首次成功破译了埃及木乃伊的完整基因组,这将有助于人们更深入研究埃及历史。

埃及地处欧亚非三大洲的交会地带,因此一直是相邻地区人民密切交流的舞台。由德国、英国和波兰科学家组成的研究团队近日在英国《自然·通讯》杂志上报告说,他们分析研究了古埃及人的遗传关系,并与现代埃及人进行了对比。

研究团队首先从来自公元前1400年至公元400年间的151具木乃伊身上提取了组织样本,然后成功重组了其中90具木乃伊的线粒体基因组和3具木乃伊的全基因组数据。

通过对比基因数据库中的记录,研究人员发现,古埃及人的基因与当时中东地区居民最为亲密,与新石器时代的安纳托利亚半岛人以及欧洲人也有很近的血缘关系;而过去1500年中,南部的非洲人基因对当代埃及人基因的“贡献”逐渐增大。

研究人员解释说,尼罗河畔居民流动性增加、撒哈拉以南地区与埃及间频繁的贸易往来以及约1300年前开始的跨撒哈拉奴隶贸易,可能是造成这种基因流动的原因。

同时,研究人员在分析古埃及人的遗传连续性中还发现,古埃及人的基因结构没有发生太大的变化。这表明,古埃及人的基因相对未受到域外势力,如亚历山大大帝对埃及统治的影响。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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