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调查总统的FBI 为何要介入中国女生失联案?

2017-06-16 00:45:57   政知道

中国女学生章莹颖在美国失联案近来持续发酵,她的命运也牵动着很多国人的心。

当地时间6月9日,作为美国伊利诺伊大学香槟分校中国访问学者的她,被一辆黑色车带走后,至今下落不明。6月14日,FBI(美国联邦调查局)已将该案定性为绑架。此前的6月13日,FBI已经正式宣布介入此案。

政知道注意到,此番FBI介入堪称是本案的关键节点。而很多人可能会问,如此神秘、甚至连总统都敢调查的FBI怎么也会接手中国女生失联案?近来不得不提的是,FBI大boss科米被炒也引发了FBI和总统之间的“暗战”。结合这两件事来看,这个机构的“画风”似乎真是多变啊!

FBI和警察局,傻傻分不清

先考考大家。下面哪部电影或美剧是描写FBI的?

A、史密斯夫妇B、国土安全C、犯罪心理

如果熟悉美国影视的童鞋肯定很容易选出正确答案。2005年首播的《犯罪心理》讲述的就是FBI的事,这部剧描述了FBI下属的行为分析部(BAU)中的一支心理侧写队伍的探案经历。

FBI的全称是美国联邦调查局,隶属于美国司法部,英文全称Federal Bureau of Investigation。针对中国女生章莹颖失联案,FBI介入意味着什么?为什么警察局不能侦办此案?

政知君首先请教了在美国的华人朋友。在他们印象里,FBI确实和警察局不是一个单位。FBI面向全国范围,而警察局在美国则是有属地意义的,比如州警察局、县警察局等等。侦办跨州案件也是他们对FBI最深刻的一个印象。

政知道给大家科普一下美国的警察系统。美国警察主要分为联邦、州和市县三级。先说联邦警察,美国没有统一的中央警察机构,联邦警察机构主要分属司法部、国土安全部及美国邮政管理局。而美国每个州政府都有自己的警察机构,州警察在县市等地方警察机构不管的地区来履行责任,例如在州界公路上巡逻和解决交通事故等。

城市警察是美国机构中最庞大、最重要的组成部分,比如我们经常在影视剧中看到“NYPD”(纽约市警察局)这样的字样。美国县警察机构数量不少,但规模小,如洛杉矶县警察局英文全称是Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department。请注意“sheriff”这个词,英汉词典中,它被翻译为“县的行政司法长官、县警长”。在一些新闻中,它被译为“治安官”。

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