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俄罗斯飞行员纷纷跳槽亚洲 俄航空公司叫苦不迭

2017-06-10 01:34:00   参考消息

参考消息网6月10日报道 俄媒称,俄罗斯各家航空公司对本国飞行员大规模流失海外尤其是亚洲国家感到忧心忡忡。据俄罗斯《生意人报》掌握的数据,两年半时间里,已有逾300名俄罗斯机长及飞行教官在亚洲谋得了饭碗(其中100人系赴华工作),另有400人正在办理就业手续。

俄罗斯《生意人报》6月9日发表题为《大批俄罗斯飞行员远走海外谋生》的文章称,业内人士认为,主要原因是卢布疲软导致俄国内工资缺乏吸引力。航空人才的流失已经影响到市场的正常运作:不久前,俄VIM航空公司便因12名机长同时辞职,导致其航班被大规模取消。其中某些人被中国、印度和越南的航空公司挖走。该公司承认,主要是“经济原因”所致,亚洲国家为吸引外籍飞行员,营造了良好的环境,打破了就业限制,且委托猎头公司在独联体和其他国家展开招募。

业内人士称,目前俄飞行人才主要流向中国、韩国,尤其是那些“技术最娴熟、英文很熟练的机长及教官”,更是炙手可热。俄主要的航空公司,如S7、乌拉尔航空、伏尔加-第聂伯航空、VIM等,皆对飞行员流失叫苦不迭。

报道称,2016年,中国登记在册的飞行员有5.05万人,其中2.52万人为商业飞行员,1年间增长了2300人。据波音公司预测,未来20年间,中国的航空公司每年将新雇佣5500名飞行员,到2035年时共增加11.1万人。去年,中国共有航空公司59家,机场218个,完成旅客运输量增长12%,达4.88亿人次,境内机场全年旅客吞吐量首次突破10亿人次。

由于机长短缺,俄航空企业自2011年便开始争取引进外籍飞行员的名额,直至2014年,政府才批准了每年200人的额度。然而,当时恰逢旅客吞吐量下降(2015年下滑了1.2%,2016年3.8%),卢布疲软,所以赴俄工作的外籍飞行员寥寥无几,俄航原本有80个名额,但只招收了21人,其中18人来自捷克。

报道称,某国际猎头公司专为中国寻找飞行人才。其工作人员指出,俄飞行员外流潮的确与俄旅客运输量下降、俄最大的私营航空企业环空航空停止运营相关,当时该公司有上万员工失去工作。他透露,中国飞行员的工资几乎是俄的4倍,每月1.7万-2.5万美元(1美元约合6.8元人民币——本网注),每月工作量80小时,而在俄罗斯则高达90小时,全年休假天数超过96天,而俄仅为70天。自2016年起,中国简化了向飞行员提供工作许可的程序,“进一步刺激了俄飞行员的外流潮”。数十家中国航空公司都对俄飞行员极感兴趣,尤其是对飞行时数2500小时以上的机长。在中国,除了近百名执行飞行任务的俄罗斯机长、教官外,还有约百人正在办理就职手续。

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