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日本反思基础设施出口竞争输给中国 欲靠服务"反击"

2017-06-08 00:45:46   参考消息

参考消息网6月8日报道 日媒称日前获悉了日本政府5月底归纳的基础设施系统出口战略修正案的全部内容。该修正案的特点是,针对目标出口国家的城市建设计划,日本将从设计阶段就开始提供方案,对法律制定、人才培养和筹资等进行全面支援。日本在印度尼西亚高铁等项目中输给了报价更低的中国,今后将吸取教训。修正案希望凭借日本擅长的细致服务获得订单。

据日本经济新闻网6月7日报道,日本政府预定将该修正案编入6月归纳的日本经济财政运营的基本方针——“骨太方针”中。

报道称,日本企业在基础设施出口方面明显处于劣势。例如,在印度尼西亚的高铁项目中输给了中国企业,在土耳其的吊桥建设项目中输给了韩国企业。中国提出“一带一路”倡议,正加紧通过亚洲基础设施投资银行(亚投行)的融资获得基础设施需求。国际上的订单竞争变得愈发激烈。

报道称,修正案中明确写入了从开发阶段就参与对象国家的城市建设计划等方针。提出了为对象国家培养项目负责人以及提供竣工后的维护和管理等长期支援方案。日本政府制定了到2020年之前使基础设施出口订单额达到30万亿日元(1日元约等于0.062元人民币——本网注)的目标,修正案将对实现这一目标起到推动作用。

具体而言,日本将以东盟(ASEAN)各国和地区为中心,提出国土规划和城市规划的制定和修改建议。此外,还将涉足培养在当地负责设备运营和维护管理的人才,以及协助完善法律制度。将推动各国在解决城市建设问题时采用日本技术。设想了缓解交通拥堵和将信息通信技术(ICT)应用于防灾对策。

报道称,日本把电力、铁路和信息通信等定位为扩大技术和服务出口的重点领域,为扩大在海外市场的展开,将在各领域分别制定战略。相关省厅、民营企业和行业团体等将携手展开讨论。将列出积极推进出口的技术、领域、具体举措以及以数年为单位的目标值。

例如在铁路领域,除了预定在印度建设的新干线等高速铁路网之外,东南亚的地铁等交通基础设施建设也成为日本的目标。在电力领域,考虑扩大高效率火力发电站的出口。在信息通信领域,考虑提供生物特征识别技术和在俄罗斯推进的邮政技术。

按国别来看,力争获得马来西亚与新加坡间高速铁路的建设支援项目订单以及美国磁悬浮铁路项目订单。在俄罗斯方面,将具体落实日本2016年提出的8项对俄经济合作计划,推进邮政事业的技术合作与开设作为医疗机构的图像诊断中心。

报道称,2000年~2030年,全球基础设施投资所需的金额累计约为8520万亿日元。在亚洲,2010年~2020年累计将达到约960万亿日元。在日本国内基础设施投资减少的背景下,很多以往的内需型产业都看不到出路。日本政府将主导取得海外投资需求,促进内需型产业的增长。

资料图:日本新干线列车新华社记者任正来摄

责任编辑:任冲 CN062
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