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特朗普考虑拆分大银行:投资者欢呼 美股吓了一跳

2017-05-03 01:48:05   每日经济新闻

当地时间5月1日,美国总统特朗普在接受彭博社采访时表示,正积极考虑拆分美国超大银行,以恢复1933年出台的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》,该法案将投资银行业务和商业银行业务严格划分,对银行业务范围做了一系列规定。该表态一发布,美股便短线跳水,道指也一度刷新日低。

针对特朗普的此番表态,亿万富翁投资者、美国城堡投资集团创始人肯·格里芬(Ken Griffin)异常支持,而美国银行业人士却质疑银行拆分无章可循。

欲打造21世纪新金融法案

特朗普在接受媒体采访时表示,正在积极考虑拆分华尔街大银行,并努力恢复1933年出台的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》,打造“21世纪格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案”。特朗普称,“有些人想要回到过去的体制,对吗?所以我们会对此进行考虑。”

实际上,早在去年竞选时期,特朗普就承诺要制定“21世纪的格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案”,因此此番接受彭博社采访的言论,得到了特朗普内阁的普遍支持。美国财政部长姆努钦和白宫国家经济委员会主任加里·科恩(Gary Cohn)公开表态,希望将美国大银行的商业银行业务和投资银行业务严格区分开来。

特朗普的一番简短采访,却一石激起千层浪,美股率先做出反应。该评论发布后,美股短线跳水。道指抹去盘中涨幅,刷新日低至20898.38点。此后道指盘中上下震荡,5月1日最终收跌0.13%至20913.46点。特朗普上台后一直上涨不断的银行板块也一度短线跳水,但随后便收复跌幅,整体仍维持上涨势头。SPDR标普银行ETF在短线下跌后上涨1.2%,也触及盘中新高。记者注意到,受益于特朗普在竞选时做出的一系列金融措施承诺,美股银行板块从去年11月总统大选以来,涨幅已超25%。

《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》也称《1933年银行法》,是1930年代大危机后的美国立法,旨在将投资银行业务和商业银行业务严格地划分开,保证商业银行避免证券业的风险。该法案禁止银行包销和经营公司证券,只能购买由美联储批准的债券,以保证商业银行避免证券业风险。

1999年,美国国会通过《金融服务现代化法案》(Financial Services Modernization Act),亦称《格雷姆-里奇-比利雷法案》(Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act),废除了1933年制定的《格拉斯-斯蒂格尔法案》有关条款,从法律上消除了银行、证券、保险机构在业务范围上的边界,结束了美国长达66年之久的金融分业经营的历史。

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