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全球男女薪酬平等?还需170年

2016-10-27 15:56:38   新华网

新华网北京10月27日电世界经济论坛25日发布的《全球性别差距报告》显示,过去一年来,男女在薪酬和就业状况方面的差距非但没有缩小,反而急剧扩大;按照目前速度,预计还要170年才能实现男女平等

【收入差距拉大】

总部位于瑞士日内瓦的世界经济论坛25日发布2016年度《全球性别差距报告》,从健康、教育、经济和政治四个领域,对100多个国家和地区的女性地位进行分析和量化。令人吃惊的是,就薪酬、就业率而言,男女性别差距正在急剧加大。在去年发布的报告中,世界经济论坛曾预测,还要118年才能在经济领域实现男女平等;然而在今年报告中,这一预测被修正为170年,即到2186年才有望实现该目标。报告说,促进男女工资平等和就业平等的努力出现了“明显的减速”,男女性别差距“扩大至2008年以来的最大值”。

在过去一年间,一名全职女性的平均年薪为10778美元,而一名全职男性的平均年薪为19873美元。这意味着,尽管全球女性比男性工作时间更长,但平均薪酬仅占男性的大约五成。就业率方面,女性就业率约为男性的三分之二。世界经济论坛执行委员会成员萨阿迪娅·扎希迪表示:“这些预测反映当前状况,从而呼吁人们采取行动。”“确保全球半数人才能够健康发展、发挥所长,对全球经济增长、竞争力、今后发展都具有深远的影响,”世界经济论坛说。

【卢旺达排名靠前】

报告显示,从整体排名看,冰岛连续8年蝉联榜首,芬兰与挪威分别列第二和第三位,瑞典第四。引人瞩目的是,卢旺达排名升至第五。从就业率看,该国女性就业率高于男性;从薪酬看,女性薪酬与男性薪酬的比例为88%,是全球男女薪酬平等状况最佳的国家。此外,卢旺达议会中的女议员比例达到64%,居世界首位。

美国整体排名为第45名,而在政治领域的性别差距排名为第73名。整体排名较为靠后的国家包括也门、叙利亚、沙特阿拉伯和伊朗。从评比的四个领域看,教育领域的性别差距非常小,预计今后10年便可实现男女平等;而要在政治领域实现男女平等,按照目前发展速度,预计需要82年。按照该报告的说法,政治领域的男女不平等现象正在“缓慢但稳步地”改善。“就政治领域而言,女性参与公共生活对消除社会各层面的性别差距都具有积极影响,”世界经济论坛表示,“此外,一系列证据表明,女性参政与女性投身经济生活之间存在着某种关联。”

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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