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媒体:美国4万退役军人无家可归 很多有心理问题

2016-08-21 15:20:51   参考消息

美国退伍军人生活艰难,不少人甚至流落街头无家可归——这不是天方夜谭,这是困扰美国政府多年的痼疾。

根据美国劳工部公布的数字,2016年美国退伍士兵达到2120万人,占美国成年人口的9%,每年新退伍的士兵约20万人。

美国住房和城市发展部公布的数字显示,2014年美国共有4.7万名无家可归的退伍士兵。2016年1月,这个数字降至约4万人。此外,还有13万多退伍士兵生活在收容所或者过渡安置机构。

美国媒体评论,总统奥巴马2009年宣布的所谓用五年时间彻底解决退伍军人无家可归问题的承诺已经食言。

无家可归老兵人数减半

效率与花费却遭批评

奥巴马在2009年制定目标,称对曾为国家服务的人流落街头的现象“零容忍”,并称解决这一问题将成为他领导的政府的当务之急。

2009年,被奥巴马任命为退伍军人事务部部长的亚裔四星上将埃里克·新关壮志酬筹地表示,奥巴马总统和他“将致力于在接下来的5年内结束退伍军人无家可归问题”。

8月初,奥巴马在亚特兰大举行的美国残疾退伍军人协会大会上自豪地宣布,无家可归的退伍军人数量已减少了近一半。

美国住房与城市发展部估计,2016年1月居无定所的退伍军人数量约4万人,比2010年减少了47%,其中1.3万名退伍军人露宿街头,比6年前减少了56%。白宫说,已经安置了36万名退伍军人。

虽然奥巴马的演讲获得了现场的阵阵掌声,但不少老兵组织却猛烈抨击这种“吹嘘式的成功”,同时,退伍军人事务部也遭到炮火般的抨击。

美国佛罗里达州共和党议员杰夫·米勒称这有限的成果远远不能与该计划的花费相匹配。米勒指出,退伍军人事务部的“特殊无家可归者倡议”的预算已经从2009年的近3.76亿美元增加到2014年的超过15亿美元。他为此质疑退伍军人事务部的效率。

未能达成目标

被批“失败”

美国“伊拉克和阿富汗老兵”组织创始人兼CEO鲍尔·瑞克霍夫公开表示,(事情)可以算得上有进展,“但远远未到总统庆祝成功的时候”。

瑞克霍夫说,奥巴马的声明反而突出了政府的失败:“事实是,总统没能在2015年达成他的零无家可归老兵的目标。”

美国媒体在一篇社论中评价,美国政府对无家可归退伍军人的承诺“破产”了。文章说,美国政府似乎一直都处在出台政策、忽视、忘记、重新发现的恶性循环中,奥巴马政府消除退伍军人无家可归者的五年计划陷入了“星际迷航”。

8月,在奥巴马讲话之后,现任退伍军人事务部部长罗伯特·麦克唐纳解释,未能达到预期目标的一个关键原因是加利福尼亚州洛杉矶县——可谓美国无家可归老兵之都,拥有全美最庞大的无家可归退伍军人数量。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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