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克隆羊“多利”诞生20周年 道德争议至今难解

2016-07-05 09:11:18   中国新闻网

资料图:克隆羊“多利”之父Sir Ian Wilmut。中新社发 王东明 摄

中新网7月5日电 据香港《文汇报》报道,20年前的7月5日,全球首只克隆羊“多利”诞生。当时科学家希望多利的出生,有助他们研究治疗部分疾病的方法,但克隆动物同时引起在科学及道德上的争议,担心有朝一日人类亦会被用作克隆。

当年克隆多利的英国爱丁堡大学罗斯林研究所表示,“多利的重要性,在于牠是首只从成年细胞克隆的哺乳类动物,而它的出生,证实可用细胞制造出所属动物克隆品,颠覆科学家所想,并促使个人化干细胞的发展。”

不过,多利同时掀起社会各界争议。数年前,罗斯林研究所教授韦密特出版新书,争论当克隆技术安全,社会应考虑透过克隆改造基因,以避免初生婴儿患上严重疾病。不过该书招致教会领袖批评,指韦密特为避免初生婴儿患上遗传病,便要科学家透过抽取干细胞,将基因缺陷地方改造的言论,在道德上存在争议。

此外,当初克隆多利亦是希望藉此研究出解决不育的问题,但至今未有成果。

若不牵涉人类,多利的争议便较小,并能纾缓食物供应紧张的问题。2008年,美国食品及药物管理局认为透过克隆牛、猪及羊得来的食物,同样可安全食用,又指毋需为克隆动物的肉类或奶类作标签。

不过对业界来说,基于克隆技术困难及成本高昂,加上成功率低,故他们都不会选择大量生产克隆动物,只集中克隆基因出众的品种,目前美国公司每年便克隆数百只甚至数千只动物。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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