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留学生揭秘古巴:月均工资150元 1公斤大米14元

2016-03-13 08:33:23   成都商报

(原标题:古巴现在什么样儿)

2014年12月18日,美国总统奥巴马和古巴国家主席劳尔卡斯特罗共同宣布:美国和古巴恢复外交关系。

2015年,随着进一步的开放和政策解禁,越来越多的游客和投资者也不断涌入这个美丽的加勒比海岛国。

不过,在大多数中国人眼中和心目中,古巴和我们的距离还太过遥远,许多记忆似乎仍停留在冷战时期。

那么,在少数有机会在古巴实地生活较长时间的中国同胞——比如留学生眼中,这个国家的旧貌新颜,实际上又是怎样的呢?

经济

商店不大经常排队 月平均工资150元

古巴虽然不是发达国家,却很注重文化教育事业的发展:大大小小的博物馆、纪念馆、教堂满街都是,建筑也多是西班牙殖民时期建的,各种复古的塑像、浮雕、装饰,随随便便找一处作为背景,拍出来的照片都会很有文艺范儿。

古巴的商店规模都不大,哈瓦那两层以上的商场也是一只手就能数完。国营和连锁的好处就在于:全国的商店都同属于那么几家公司,并且商品的内容种类包括品牌、系列和定价都相差无几,不需要“货比三家”。

很多商店都有入店存包的规矩,还有些商店更有进店人数的限制(并没有确定的人数上限,只要看门人觉得人很多了,就会把门锁起来……)尤其是在过年过节的时候,这些商店门口便会排起长龙。毫不夸张地说,很多人为了买一抽纸巾能排上半小时的队(顺便提一句:古巴没有咱们国内极为普遍的便携小包纸巾,所以很多人还有使用手帕的习惯)。

据统计,古巴人的平均工资(不含外快赚的钱)每月折合人民币约为150元——实在不算高。古巴的物价水平与之相比,则实在不算低:商店里,一袋1公斤的大米就要卖到人民币14元。不过别担心,因为古巴还有平价菜市场和凭证购买、仅对古巴公民开放的商品供销社。

经济改革开始后,越来越多的商人小贩行走在哈瓦那的大街小巷兜售小商品,最常见的还是在自家门口支起小桌子贩卖食品和手工艺品。他们中有卖汉堡的、卖咖啡的、卖炸面片和甜食的……要知道从前在街头叫卖纸包花生的小贩都是要跟国家注册的,经营收入也属于国家。

随着经济的逐步开放,房屋和车辆的买卖在古巴也悄然展开(从前只允许房屋置换),街头不时能看到一些相关的小广告。近几年,到古巴的外国人的数量与日俱增,古巴的房价也随之翻了两三倍。

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