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外媒揭IS财政真相:储备足够 可维持3年军事行动

2015-12-16 08:54:35   环球网

【环球网综合报道】英国《金融时报》12月16日发表题为“调查:揭开IS财政真相”的文章,文章认为,西方情报评估显示,轰炸“伊斯兰国”组织(IS)的石油基础设施将不足以削弱“圣战”分子战争机器的资金来源。多名高级情报官员和外交官都表示,在无意卷入地面作战的情况下,很难阻止IS向其核心行动输送资金,以及向构成其军事力量主体的逾3万名作战人员支付薪水。分析显示,IS每年的总收入接近9亿美元,其中约三分之二被投入它的战争机器。情报官员表示,据估计,IS拥有足够储备和靠得住的收入来源,可在目前水平上维持三年的军事行动。

  IS经济规模和复杂细节变得清晰

以美国为首的联军上周欢呼打死IS财务主管阿布•萨拉赫(AbuSalah)。美国总统巴拉克•奥巴马(BarackObama)周一称赞打死萨拉赫的行动,称其为协同努力的一部分,这种协同努力的目的是“比以往任何时候都更狠地”打击这个“圣战”集团及其领导层。

但在英国《金融时报》对IS财政展开的调查中,多名高级情报官员和外交官都表示,在无意卷入地面作战的情况下,很难阻止IS向其核心行动输送资金,以及向构成其军事力量主体的逾3万名作战人员支付薪水。

联军的一名情报官员表示,据估计,IS拥有足够储备和靠得住的收入来源,可在目前水平上维持三年的军事行动。这名官员承认,当联军在2014年10月开始轰炸时,相关评估是IS将在12个月内开始感受到财政紧张。

  IS每年总收入接近9亿美元 约三分之二投入战争机器

根据文件和对数十名IS前指挥官、IS地盘内的伊拉克和叙利亚官员,以及联军外交官的采访,英国《金融时报》对IS的资产负债表作出了自己的评估。

调查发现,在过去一年里,这个“圣战”恐怖组织从掠夺、没收(往往以牵强的宗教说辞为借口)和税收获得的财政收入,几乎和石油(其主要资金来源)一样多。在联军上月开始空中打击IS油井之前,该组织估计每年从石油赚取高达4.5亿美元。

英国《金融时报》的分析显示,IS每年的总收入接近9亿美元,其中约三分之二被投入它的战争机器。

但其核心战斗力量——主要由“哈里发”的外国应召者组成——每年仅耗资2亿至2.5亿美元,突显这个“圣战”恐怖分子能够承受对其财政收入的沉重打击。

IS每月要向核心作战人员支付大约2000万美元,还要向当地作战人员和辅助人员支付1500万至2000万美元。联军情报官员的估算各不相同,但多数都认为,核心力量的人数至少有3万,还有共计5万至7万的当地成员、辅助人员和兼职力量。

  已积累了逾10亿美元储备

据美国和欧洲情报官员分析,通过掠夺和洗劫他们在伊拉克和叙利亚攻占的城镇,“圣战”者积累了逾10亿美元储备。

近几个月有很大一部分收入来自联军很难在避免平民伤亡甚至人道主义灾难的情况下进行破坏的来源。

IS的其他优先支出领域包括其内部安全机器,主要是道德警察hisba和秘密警察amniyat。英国《金融时报》调查显示,IS在内部保卫上每月支出高达1500万美元。

其它政府职能领域,如医疗和教育,每月总共得到的经费不到1000万美元。

责任编辑:翟明 CN040
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