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航母非首要!美刊称中俄会优先攻击美军通信网络

2016-12-21 10:18:44   

参考消息网12月21日报道美国《国防》月刊2017年1月号(提前出版)发表题为《保卫网络将崛起成为战场上的头等大事》的文章,作者为斯图·马格努森,编译如下:

俄罗斯或中国在热战中追逐的首要目标也许不是F-35战斗机、空军基地,甚至也不是航母。这两个同等级对手将很可能试图首先摧毁美军的通信事业。

高级防务领导人最近表示,如果它们不能在第一天得逞,它们将一而再、再而三地尝试这么做。

美国陆军司令部负责通信事务的副参谋长威廉·拉舍说:“我们的敌人将有意识地频繁尝试摧毁我们的网络,作为打击我们战斗力的非对称手段。它们会这么做。”他在马里兰州巴尔的摩的军事通信会议上说:“我们正观察到它们在其他领域里做这样的事情,因此我们知道同样的事情将会发生。”

陆军参谋长马克·米利上将今年10月份曾介绍了多领域战场的概念,他表示在这一概念下,未来的地面部队将不得不准备进行空中、海上和网络空间的作战。美国陆军佐治亚州戈登堡基地兼陆军网络技术促进中心司令官约翰·莫里森少将称,在网络空间的作战将是一种挑战。他说:“我们将会在拥挤和纷争的环境中与实力接近的对手作战……十分坦率地说,我们已经看到某些实力接近的对手把一体化能力运用到了战场上,并且产生出巨大的作战效果。”

资料图:美国莱克兰空军基地网络战中心

莫里森称,米利的愿景“将彻底颠覆陆军未来作战的方式”。他补充说,该愿景认识到网络空间将是陆军需要在其中施展身手的一个作战领域。他表示,为此,陆军正在把其网络、电子战和信号能力纳入一个统一的司令部,即位于五角大楼内的网络总局。尽管这是理论和组织方面构建工作的开始,但在技术层面有许多工作要做,其中在不同信息竖井中创建的系统意味着整合工作将有很长的路要走。

莫里森说:“我们在2003、2004和2005年针对伊拉克部署的技术与我们今天所拥有的技术根本不同。”一个重大差异是现在的战略和战术通信网络是混合在一起的。他说,在保护较为高端的网络方面有了一些进步,但在保护战术性网络方面的进步却没那么大。”

他说,例如,联合地区安全堆栈的创建把安全飞地的数目从大约1000个减少到了20多个。他表示,这将减少敌人可以用来对非保密互联网协议路由器网络即通常所说的NIPRnet,以及大约相同数目的安全网络发动攻击的端口和路径。

正在与空军和国防部信息系统局开展一项联合计划的美国陆军将制订新的采购模式,其中网络安全将被先期植入新的应用之中,而不是作为某种事后添加的功能。陆军还将训练士兵以取代承包商雇员来进行安全更新的安装,这些更新使程序变得更加灵巧。

他表示,陆军正在建立一个现代化程度更高、能力更强和更具安全性的网络。该网络3年前还只是存在于PowerPoint演示文档中,但是现在已经拥有20万个用户。

但是作战行动正在促使陆军采取更具分布式的任务指挥。这意味着在战场上网络将迅速扩散至战术单位。他说:“战略网络和战术网络自成体系的日子将一去不复返了。作战行动已经淘汰了那样的构架。”

莫里森说:“那种模式需要被推进到战术空间中,因为我们正在做的每一件事情都是点对点的。”他表示,陆军认识到这一网络是所有网络空间作战和电子战作战的基础,而且它需要从理论和必要性的角度对这些作战行动进行整合。

责任编辑:王雷 CM029
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