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印尼华人紧张关注抗议华裔省长活动 担心再遭伤害

2016-11-28 20:16:35   

参考消息网11月28日报道美国《华尔街日报》网站11月26日发表题为《在印尼,渎神调查使华人心生恐惧》的文章称,针对印尼大雅加达首都特区省长的大规模街头抗议活动唤起了当地许多华人的痛苦记忆。长期以来,华人群体在东南亚的许多地方遭受歧视和迫害。

文章称,就在不到20年前,有大批华人死于种族骚乱。如今,再度出现的紧张局势令一些华人(他们大多是基督徒或佛教徒)担心,在这个强硬派伊斯兰主义者的组织性和影响力日渐增强的社会里,他们将处于何种地位。

这件事的后果可能会影响到方方面面,其中包括投资环境,也包括苏哈托倒台后出现的较具包容性的文化及民主体制。

雅加达唐人街是一个曾在暴力浪潮中受到沉重打击的密集商业区。46岁的希马万·钱德拉·库斯纳迪是这里的一名店主。他说:“我想,歧视永远不会消失。我们华人总是害怕骚乱,因为我们通常都是受害者。”

文章称,此次冲突的焦点是大雅加达首都特区省长钟万学。在印尼这个全世界最大的穆斯林国家,他是最知名的华裔政界人士,也是一名基督徒。

近几周来,有多达20万人走上街头要求起诉钟万学,理由是他9月份向支持者发表了“亵渎宗教的言论”。

钟万学为自己的言论道歉,但警方上周已将他列为嫌犯,预计此案将在数周内开庭审理,有可能降低他明年2月份竞选连任的胜算。

2010年的人口普查显示,印尼有2.5亿人口,华人所占比例不到2%。他们中的许多人是19世纪移民的后代。在荷兰殖民统治时期,他们的待遇与原住民不同。随着时间推移,华人经济实力的增强引发了仇恨。他们经常会沦为政治替罪羊和种族冲突导火索。

文章称,如今,许多最富有的印尼人是华人。一些华人凭借与苏哈托的密切关系积聚了财富,但大多数仍属于中产阶级或者更低的社会阶层。在雅加达唐人街,许多在1998年遭到洗劫的房屋仍然大门紧闭,似乎已经被废弃。

钟万学居住在附近的一个以华人为主的封闭社区,人们通常叫他“阿学”。在本月早些时候发生的反对他的最大规模游行中,几条街以外的店铺遭到了抢掠。

印尼分析人士说,此事不仅牵涉到钟万学的政治前途。他们担心此事将对苏哈托倒台后趋向温和包容的印尼造成冲击。在民主转型期间,印尼华人数十年来首次可以使用传统姓名而非印尼语姓名,可以在学校讲自己的语言,可以庆祝传统节日。

华裔经济师克里斯蒂安托·维比索诺说:“这不仅是对阿学的攻击,也是对世俗宪法的攻击。”

印尼总统佐科·维多多与政治、安全和宗教领导人举行了会晤,希望能控制局面。2014年,佐科·维多多当选总统,这为当时担任他副手的钟万学成为省长铺平了道路。总统发言人约翰·布迪接受本报采访时说:“总统表示,安全局势稳定,包括华人在内的所有公民不必担心自身安全。”

印尼华裔总会雅加达分会成员亚历山大·费里说,社区领导人在可能成为袭击目标的居住区发放了安全通告,但他听说在过去一个月里发生了更多辱骂华人的事件。

25岁的金融顾问阿迪蒂约·约吉斯瓦拉是第三代华裔,他本身就是穆斯林。他表示自己不怕遭到袭击,但担心国家可能会开倒车。他说:“我们能否成为一个开明国家,前途尚未确定。”

资料图片:11月16日,在印度尼西亚雅加达,大雅加达首都特区省长钟万学(中)被支持者簇拥。新华社/美联

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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