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日本解除对美国支援地域限制 为未来全球活动做准备

2016-11-12 15:10:37   

日本解除自卫队对美军以及第三国提供后方支援的地域限制,不再限制于日本的周边地

据日本共同社报道,日本自卫队和美军11月7日在冲绳附近首次实施了反映安全保障相关法内容的联合演习,以在海外发生武力冲突并已对日本发生所谓的“重要影响事态”为前提,设想美国军机在公海坠机,自卫队展开搜救。日本问题专家刘华在接受央视采访时表示,这意味着日本解除自卫队对美军以及第三国提供后方支援的地域限制,不再限制于日本的周边地区。自卫队提供后方支援的内容、性质也有了很大程度的扩展,除了后勤援助,还可以提供某种意义上的战斗支援任务。

日本共同社报道称,此次演习是10月30日开始的美日“利剑”军演的一部分,基于修改以后的“重要影响事态”而展开,是首次举行反映新安保法相关内容的美日联合军演。此前自卫队仅限于向美军提供后方支援,而且只能在日本周边地域活动,作为安保法主要内容之一的《重要影响事态法》实施以后,仅限日本周边的地理限制条件被废除,对象国也扩大至美国以外的国家。日媒评论称,此次演练可以说是自卫队在为全球范围内的活动做准备。

日本问题专家刘华表示,日本《重要影响事态法》实际就是以前的《周边事态法》,这两部法律的区别在于:《重要影响事态法》消除了日本自卫队对美军以及第三国提供后方支援的地域限制,不再限制于日本的周边地区;自卫队提供后方支援的内容、性质有了很大程度的扩展,不仅可以提供后勤援助,还可以提供某种意义上的战斗支援任务,可以在一定程度上实现联合作战的后方支撑。

另据日本共同社报道,日本防卫省7日决定,首次担负“驰援警护”任务的日本自卫队PKO派遣部队,将于11月20日前后前往非洲的南苏丹执行任务,并准备随时行使集体自卫权,为联合国机构和他国部队提供特别警护,这意味着自卫队的任务发生了变化,战斗的危险性提高。为此日本政府决定,在现有的每天固定的补贴基础上再增加6000到7000日元的特别补助,使得自卫队员每天的补贴提高到2.3万日元左右,以平息自卫队员们的不满。

刘华表示,日本防卫省提高自卫队海外阵亡人员的抚恤金,很大程度上是基于两个背景:第一,由于新安保法的修改,自卫队今后在海外无论是执行联合国框架内的维和行动还是联合国框架以外的所谓“国际和平支援行动”,都有可能涉及到使用武力,自卫队人员出现伤亡的风险就大幅提升。所以,防卫省要在人员抚恤这些方面做一些配套的政策。第二,目前,日本国内民众对于自卫队海外使用有很多争论,特别是有很多和平力量认为自卫队的海外使用,尤其是在战地的使用有可能造成自卫队的伤亡。防卫省提高抚恤金的动作,不排除也是对于民间力量的一种回应。

责任编辑:邢立楠 CM022
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