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美媒:肥胖问题困扰美军各军种 10%陆军大兵超重

2016-10-11 20:00:25   

参考消息网10月11日报道 外媒称,美国国防部最新数据显示,美国军人较此前任何时候都更为肥胖。其中,陆军更是以每10名军人中就有超过1人被诊断为临床超重而成为美军最肥胖的军种。

据美国《军队时报》网站10月9日报道称,紧随其后的是空军,然后是海军。

海军陆战队最健康。尽管海军陆战队的军种文化素以健康与力量为特点,该军种仍有4800名军人体重超过规定。

这些此前未公开的健康数据使人们对美国军队日益严重的肥胖问题,以及肥胖问题在各军种之间的差异有了新的认识。认识这一问题对今日军队之健康和备战具有广泛意义。

五角大楼的体重数据以身体质量指数(BMI)为基础。如果一个人的BMI数值大于25,那么这个人会在临床上被视为超重。自从美国军人需要在阿富汗和伊拉克连续多月驻扎以来,美国各军种军人的BMI指数出现了迅速增长。

正如媒体9月份首次报道这一问题时所指出的,美国军人中有7.8%的人,即每13名美国军人中就有1人的BMI数值过高。据国防部公布的数据,自2001年以来,这一数据就在逐渐升高。2001年美国军人中只有1.6%的人,即每60名美国军人中有1人BMI数值过高。

不过,这一问题在不同军种中的严重程度差别很大。

例如,美国陆军中有10.5%的军人超重,相比之下,5年前这一数值是6.4%。空军有9%的军人超重,是2011年4.3%的两倍多。海军有5.9%的军人超重,5年前这一数值是3.3%。海军陆战队员的超重比例也从5年前1.7%上升到了2.3%。

五角大楼一直不愿意公开各军种的详细数据,媒体为此追问了好几个星期。在这些数据公开的时候,正值军方高级卫生官员改写有关军人身体素质标准及衡量手段的大纲。当一名军人被诊断为肥胖后,其职业发展可能受阻,甚至可能导致不情愿的离职,因此这些政策对军人的职业生涯十分重要。

不过,军方官员提醒不能过于重视BMI数值。这一检测方法常常被认为是一种过于草率的方式,可能把那些肌肉特别发达的人错判成肥胖,而一些虚胖的不健康人士反而会成为漏网之鱼。目前,许多军人对该检测方法有意见。

这种情况很快就会改变。据了解情况的官员透露,军方高级卫生官员计划于今年晚些时候推行新政策,届时五角大楼可能降低对BMI数值的重视程度。

相比美国普通民众,美国军人的肥胖比例要低得多。据美国疾病控制中心提供的数据,约70%的美国成年人BMI数值高于25。

资料图:网上流传的美军肥胖士兵。


责任编辑:张海潮
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