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日本逼东盟支持南海仲裁否则取消援助 洪森点名批

2016-07-04 09:02:26   

日本的“南海外交”太卑劣

廉德瑰

上月20日,柬埔寨首相洪森在该国行政学院毕业典礼上说,某个东盟域外国家的驻柬埔寨大使,正在向柬埔寨及其他东盟国家施加压力,希望他们在南海仲裁案结果宣布后表态支持,否则将取消对东盟国家的经济援助。但这位大使却不知趣,洪森上月29日忍无可忍,干脆在讲话中公开点名批评称,日本驻柬埔寨大使以取消经济援助相威胁,干涉柬埔寨内政,“我告诉过你,洪森不会轻易屈服于外部压力”。

洪森首相的爆料让我们对日本大使的阴暗作为感到瞠目结舌。事实上,迄今为止,日本针对南海问题已多次上蹿下跳。刚担任安理会轮值主席第一天,日本常驻联合国代表别所浩郎1日就召开记者会,对南海问题表达“强烈关切”,并称未来若有安理会成员国提出要求,考虑将南海问题列为安理会讨论议题。

日本近年围绕南海问题展开系列反华外交活动有四个基本考量:一是担心中国掌握南海海域控制权,威胁日本海上贸易通道安全;二是阻止中国强化对东南亚国家的影响力,损害日本在这一地区的主导权;三是增加在东海与中国对抗的外交砝码,迫使中国在东海做出让步;四是配合美国“亚太再平衡”战略,确保美日同盟的战略优势地位,而这也是关键所在。2015年1月,美国海军第七舰队司令托马斯表示:欢迎日本将空中巡逻范围扩至南海,以便对中国不断壮大的舰队力量形成制衡。

日本“南海外交”的政治背景是日美同盟深化。日美两国早在上世纪90年代就提出“周边事态”的概念,暗指台湾和朝鲜半岛,从而扩大同盟适用范围。近年鉴于南海战略意义日益突出,日美又密谋继续扩大同盟适用范围,使其成为能够介入世界范围冲突的“公共产品”。“日美防卫合作指针”是日美同盟深化的具体文件。2015年4月29日,该文件发表之后,安倍晋三就表示:“在亚太地区有北朝鲜的威胁,还有中国在东海和南海的活动及军备扩张,防卫合作指针就是为有效应对这些状况而制定的。”“存立危机事态”和“重要影响事态”指的就是南海。

日本推行“南海外交”可谓不择手段。对于第七舰队司令的巡逻要求,日本防卫大臣中谷元2015年2月3日表示:“日本军事领导层计划研究美方建议”。

虽然日本尚未下决心走出巡逻南海的一步,但2015年5月12日,日菲在南海争议海域附近首次举行联合演习。2015年9月25日,中谷元再次表示自卫队将商讨如何参与南海活动。另外,在国际舞台上,日本也不失时机地批评中国不遵守国际法。在近年来的历次G7峰会上,日本都把海洋议题塞进相关文件内容中。为让“南海外交”收到效果,日本还使出阴招,用不光彩的手段,以取消经济援助向其他国家施加压力,企图达到政治目的。

然而,日本的“南海外交”也着实让人费解。常言道,公道自在人心。如果从一开始就有日本参与策划的仲裁庭合法,为什么日方还要暗中操作?如果仲裁是正义的,为什么还要不遗余力制造舆论?如果仲裁结果是公正的,为什么还要以卑劣手段拉票以求支持?在南海问题上,中国与有些域外国家的根本区别就在于,中国一直堂堂正正、坦坦荡荡,不像有些国家从一开始就阴暗龌龊、猥琐卑劣。▲(作者是上海外国语大学日本文化经济学院教授)

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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