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日本军费首超5万亿日元 安倍:应对中国崛起挑战

2016-03-30 09:32:29   李珍 王伟 纪双城 青木 陶短房 张旺 陈一 柳直

资料图:安倍晋三

【环球军事报道】日本新安保法从3月29日零时起开始实施,正式解禁集体自卫权。这部被称为“战争立法”的法案的实施,为自卫队的海外军事行动松绑,标志着日本战后延续了半个多世纪的“专守防卫”政策终止,成为日本军事安全政策乃至发展方向的重大转折点。在新安保法实施的当天,日本国会就通过了史上最大规模的防务预算,首次超过5万亿日元(约合446亿美元)。日本《读卖新闻》称,新安保法的实施有利于“制约持续发展核武的朝鲜以及谋求海洋影响力的中国”。日本一系列行动必然引起周边邻国的警惕。韩国《每日经济》称,“日本从今天起成为能发动战争的国家”。日本自卫队以朝鲜核威胁和钓鱼岛争端为借口扩大影响的可能性正越来越大。中国外交部发言人洪磊29日表示,我们希望日方能够切实汲取历史教训,走和平发展道路,在军事安全政策上慎重行事,多做有利于地区和平稳定的事情。

“日本自卫队涉足未知领域”

“放松日本和平宪法对日本自卫队限制的法案周二生效,这是日本自1954年建立自卫队以来军事安全政策发生的最大的变化。”路透社29日称,该法案允许日本自二战以来首次到海外参战。但日本公众对该法案的看法仍然两极。日本国内许多反对者称,新安保法案违反了日本和平宪法,增加了日本卷入外国战争的风险。

日本NHK电视台29日称,从28日晚间开始,日本国会周围的道路一直是被反对安保法的人们填满。反对者高喊“反对战争”、“保卫宪法”、“我们并未忘记”等口号。示威者主要是日本的大学生、高中生等年轻人、大学的研究者。《每日新闻》称,29日,日本至少有35个城市都举行了抗议安保法实施的集会。反新安保法团体发起了废除安保法的签名活动,目前已收集到了约500万人的签名。反对党29日也纷纷表示,将在7月的参议院选举中采取行动,争取废除该法案。

《日本经济新闻》称,日本新安保法包括《和平安全法制整备法》以及随时可对其他国家军队提供后方支援的新法《国际和平支援法》,共涉及11部法律修正案。报道称,日本宪法第九条规定禁止行使集体自卫权。2014年7月,安倍政府修改宪法解释,解禁了集体自卫权,而此次安保法的实施使得集体自卫权具备法律效力。此外,新安保法允许提供后方支援的其他国家军队以及支援内容的范围也出现扩大,这将加速日本自卫队与美军的一体化进程,日本自卫队将涉足未知领域。

日本共同社称,安倍晋三29日上午在参院预算委员会上称,新安保法的正式实施“使(日美)可在紧急情况下互相协助,加强了同盟的纽带”。路透社称,安倍晋三在讲话中提到了中国,他说,该法案对于日本“迎接新挑战至关重要,包括中国的崛起”。

在新安保法实施的当天,日本国会就通过了史上最大规模的国防预算。日本时事通讯社称,安倍政府提交给国会的2016年度预算案29日以执政党多数赞成表决通过。报道称,该预算案中,针对中国活跃的海洋活动,防卫费较去年增加了1.5%,首次超过5万亿日元大关。

上海交大日本研究中心主任王少普29日接受《环球时报》采访时表示,新安保法使日本根本改变过去的专守防卫政策,并可以更多在东亚、亚太甚至更大范围加强对美国的战略配合,将使亚太局势进一步紧张化。【环球时报驻日本、韩国、英国、德国、加拿大记者 李珍 王伟 纪双城 青木 陶短房 记者 张旺 陈一 柳直】

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