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日本两大在野党计划合并 挑战安倍执政阻止修宪

2016-02-29 08:33:51   四川日报

民主党与维新党下月组成新党,准备在参议院选举中挑战安倍晋三领导的执政联盟

日本民主党党首冈田克也与日本维新党党首松野赖久26日达成协议,这两大在野党计划于3月合并,组成新党,准备在今年夏天举行的国会参议院选举中挑战首相安倍晋三领导的执政联盟,以期最终实现政权更替。

民主党眼下是日本最大在野党,维新党是第三大在野党,两党合并后将拥有大约150名众议员和参议员,相比自由民主党与公明党组成的执政联盟依然差距甚远,但可能会给选民提供一个可以替代自民党的选项,并阻止安倍修改和平宪法。

向政权更替迈出第一步

冈田和松野当天在国会大厦举行会谈,随后签署确认两党合并的协议文件。冈田告诉媒体记者,他将担任新党的党首,直至参议院选举结束。

冈田承诺,这个新政党将代表不满安倍政府的民众的意见。

松野主张“彻底推进行政改革”,这样,削减开支后的政府就无需进一步提高消费税税率,增加国民负担。

松野强调,签署合并协议只是开始,“我们向政权更替迈出了第一步”。

民主党和维新党接下来将就新党的名称、党徽和党纲等展开协商。

两党加起来在众议院有93个席位,参议院59席,共计152人。维新党的5名参议员因当选时的候选人身份和党籍变动,受《国会法》规定,无法加入新党,预计将加入新党成立的议员党团。

五大在野党或“合纵”

民主党和维新党希望其他政党和政治团体加入新党,组成更为广泛的在野力量。按照冈田的说法,希望五大在野党结成针对安倍政府的统一战线,共同对抗“安倍政治”,实现国民的期待。“我们希望今天成为历史性的一天,成为扭转日本政治浪潮的开始。”他说。

本周早些时候,民主党、维新党、日本共产党、社会民主党和生活党确认,将就在可能于7月举行的参议院选举中推举统一的小选区候选人展开协调。

这5个主要在野党已经商定在定于4月24日举行的北海道第五选区的国会众议员补选中推举统一的候选人。

面对在野党试图“合纵”,安倍26日在一场国会会议上评论称,对一个政党而言,重要的“不是名称,而是是否有坚定的原则和政策主张,能否按照选民的信任执行这些原则和政策主张”。

安倍领导的执政联盟眼下在设有242个议席的参议院占据过半席位,在决定谁执政的众议院,执政联盟在475席中占据超过三分之二,其中自民党有290席,民主党和维新党即便合并,眼下也难以立即对执政联盟构成挑战。

不过,许多专家认为,安倍之所以能够率领执政联盟在选举中连续大胜,成为日本近十年来执政时间最久的首相,至少一部分原因是选民没有一个可以替代自民党的选择。美国天普大学日本分校亚洲研究项目主任杰弗里·金斯顿说:“如果在野党联合起来,自民党就会变得脆弱。”

有望阻止修宪

中国外交学院亚洲研究所苗吉博士分析说,安倍政权去年底在经济、外交、国内改革等方面已经达到顶峰,民意支持率很难再度持续走高,日本选民对安倍政权已经呈现出一些“审美疲劳”,并且对安倍在强行推动国会通过安保法、保密法等做法反感。他认为,即便在野党不能联合起来,执政联盟也不可能在参议院选举中赢得可以推动修宪的三分之二多数。

苗吉说,民主党、日共、社民党反对修宪;维新党虽然支持修宪,但反对在国会强行表决。加上生活党,这几个主要在野党的共同点是反对安倍的做法,希望撤销安保法,如果联手,有望在参议院选举中增加席位,阻止安倍修宪。

胡若愚(据新华社专特稿)

责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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