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【环球军事报道】据美《国防》杂志2015年11月期报道,为了提升燃油效率,美空军研究实验室(AFRL)正将大量的科技经费(S&T funding)投向发动机推进技术的研制领域。AFRL能源办公室主任Leslie Perkins认为,“一项在寻求能源的最佳利用的同时,又想提供同样的甚至更高能力的科技组合好买卖,有赖于动力系统。动力系统是我们S&T组合的最大投入领域,因为当将更好的动力系统提供给飞机时我们就会看到其间的明显差异:同样数量的燃油可供更多出动架次使用;同样数量的燃油可以实现更大的航程”。
目前,该实验室正在专心研制“自适应第三流体发动机”(adaptive third-stream engine)。据称,该发动机能够提供跨所有不同油门等级——亚声速、声速和超声速时的25%燃油效率。换句话说,它可以使飞机的航程扩大35%。同时,还可实现推力增长10%和额外热容量。这样的发动机会使飞机大大减少对加油机的依赖程度,并使飞机在反介入/区域拒止环境中的目标覆盖范围扩大3倍。
上述研究项目原属“自适应多用途发动机技术”(adaptive versatile engine technology)项目的一个组成部分,本来是要研究自适应第三流体发动机的空气动力学和力学特征。但在2012年,该项研究转变成了“自适应发动机技术开发”(AETD)项目,项目的主要任务是检查发动机部件的可靠性和保障性。GE航空公司和普惠公司被选定加入该计划项目组,按计划,协议将于2016年完成核心机试验后签定。2015年美空军已经为该项目合同拨款7亿多美元。
由美“空军寿命周期管理中心”领导的名为“自适应发动机转化计划” (adaptive engine transition program)的后续工作将于2016年起动。由该项目研制成功的自适应发动机将会提供给第六代战机。还有人预测,该机型也会用于F-35发动机的升级换代。 AFRL发言人透露,“自适应发动机为未来多种型号战机提供动力。目前的研制工作针对的是技术成熟和降低风险,并终将促成广泛的发动机转化方案”。
责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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