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资料图:日本海保船
据日本海上保安厅的公开资料,保安厅的巡视船一般都搭载武器,通常在船头配有机关炮或火炮。而日本方面“惊诧”中国海警船装备了武器,但事实上,这根本不值得大惊小怪,尤其是相对于一直在巡视船上配备武器的日本,中国海警船的装备级别算是比较低的。
今年9月,海上保安厅新购买的两艘巡逻船正式下水,专门用于在钓鱼岛附近海域巡逻,这两艘船上也搭载了最新式的20毫米口径机关炮。日本《产经新闻》曾披露,日本海上保安厅正在加紧实施相关工作,准备明年3月完成钓鱼岛周边的“领海警备专属体制”。“专属体制”规定要部署10艘1500吨级巡逻船和两艘3000吨级搭载直升机的巡逻船。船上配备先进装备:机关炮、遥控监视设备、遥控水炮等。
日本海上保安厅22日声称,首次发现进入钓鱼岛附近海域执行常态化巡航任务的中国海警船配有类似机关炮的装置。随后,一些日媒就好像哥伦布发现新大陆一样,开始大肆炒作这一新闻,指责中国“武装执法”。
中国海警是一支拥有警察权的准军事力量,武装执法本属于合法权利。而且毫不夸张地说,中国海警的武装执法体制是跟日本同行“学”来的。我国海洋维权执法起步晚,但起点高、进步快,原因就在于借鉴了日本海上保安厅模式——统一执法队伍,普及武装执法。2013年上半年,由于原有的分散型海上执法体制已不能适应日益严峻的海上维权形势,中国海监、中国渔政、公安海警以及海关缉私局“四合一”组成的“中国海警局”正式宣告成立。
事实上,日本海上保安厅的武装化程度早已超出正常执法范围。日本海上保安厅下属近500艘大小舰船,除“昭洋”“拓洋”等专门承担海洋环境调查的辅助船外,所有执行所谓“领海警备”任务的巡视船均配备有武器。日本海上保安厅第11管区的巡视船更是24小时轮流在钓鱼岛附近海域活动。这些巡视船都在千吨级以上,包括载有直升机的3000吨级以上PLH级大型巡视船以及吨位在1000左右的PL级大型巡视船。第11管区常备7至8艘巡视船,一旦有事,多达几十艘就会蜂拥而至。上述巡视船均配备2至4门20毫米至40毫米单管或多管机关炮,搭载1至2架直升机,还配有1至2门水炮。
责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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