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日本揭秘六代机F-3研发计划 性能超F-22“猛禽”

2014-09-04 14:08:06   环球网

【环球网综合报道】据日本TOKYO EXPRESS网站9月3日报道,该网站特意转载“日本第六代战机能否研发成功”这篇发表于2012年11月12日的博客文章,并参考日本防卫省于2010年发布的《未来战机研发计划》与美国《航空周刊》于2012年刊登的“F-X项目”等文章,对日本第六代隐形战机F-3的研发计划进行了揭秘。

1.前言

美国空军计划在2030年之前开发出性能超越现役F-22“猛禽”和F-35的下一代战机。与此同时,日本也将在同期开发出类似的第六代战机,并推进服役计划。

日本下代战机研制计划碰巧将在同期实现。据此,有分析称,这两项计划未来有合二为一的可能。日本计划于2014年首飞“心神”战斗机,于2016年开始F-3的实质性研发,然后于2025年左右首飞F-3,最后从2027年左右开始批量生产及服役。日本计划在F-3战机上应用自主研发的隐形技术,并装备新型国产发动机。

2.日本ATD-X“心神”隐形战斗机

日本防卫省计划于2014年9月首次试飞正处于研发阶段中的ATD-X“心神”隐形战斗机试验机型,并计划在这款试验机的成果之上启动F-3战机的研发。F-3战机计划于2025年左右实现首飞。

2012年日本国际航空宇宙展上展出由日本石川岛播磨重工研制的新型涡扇发动机

XF5-1,该发动机长为3米、直径为0.6米、重量为0.64吨。未开加力时的推力为3.5吨,开加力时的推力约为5吨。ATD-X将装备2台该型发动机。

ATD-X“心神”战机的研发由日本防卫省技术研究总部指挥推进。该战机于2012年3月28日开始制造,计划于2014年9月完工并实现首飞。耗费400亿日元(约合人民币23.4亿元)试造的双发 “心神”战机,其机身表面的吸波材料和机身的形状具备高隐身性能,其发动机排气管上安装的3个推力矢量螺旋桨将助飞机产生高机动性。另外,和矢量桨同时工作的综合飞行推进控制系统将使飞机的机动性更上一层楼。

“心神”战机重13吨、全长14米、翼展9米,机型相对较小。该机将装备2台石川岛播磨重工研制的试验发动机,其推力在不开加力的情况下为5吨。据悉,该机超高度飞行时速可达2.5马赫(1马赫即1倍音速)。但该机没有装备有源相控阵雷达、先进电子设备以及武器,属于纯先进技术试验机。

石川岛播磨重工将基于XF5-1的技术,加快开发推力为15吨级的新型试验发动机。“心神”战机2012年开始在三菱重工的飞岛工厂进行组装,2014年9月将完成组装及试飞。另外,三菱重工还将以试验机为基础研究开发新型战机F-3。

3.第六代战机F-3的研发方案

“心神”战机获得相应验证成果后,F-3将进入实质研发阶段。而成果得以反映的时间则在2017年左右。F-3的原型机则计划在2025年左右首飞,在2027年实现真正意义上的批量生产,在21世纪30年代中叶之前替代现役机型F-2。此外,在21世纪30年代后期F-3还将替代届时退役的F-15J战斗机。在老旧的F-15J退役之前,日本政府为避免其继续老化在对其进行现代化升级同时,继续让其担任日本防空任务。

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