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多地“瞬间失守”搅乱伊拉克 伊政府军不堪一击

2014-06-12 08:58:02   环球网

【环球军事报道】“我们的军队呢?我们的警察呢?我们的大炮呢?怎么能让几百号极端分子就把第二大城市占了!”11日,在伊拉克议会的辩论中,有议员咆哮着指责政府无能,并为该国前一天的突发事件感到羞耻——装备先进武器的政府军在与武装分子的交火中丢盔弃甲,拱手让出第二大城市摩苏尔的控制权,伊拉克总理马利基随后要求议会宣布国家进入紧急状态。自美国发动伊拉克战争之后,这个国家爆炸声不断,但极端分子如此嚣张,还是令人震惊。美国《基督教科学箴言报》称,摩苏尔的陷落是后萨达姆时代国家政策失败的标志性时刻。国际社会特别是美国,都被伊拉克国家的分崩离析态势震惊了,美国国务院发言人用最严厉的措辞谴责极端分子的侵略,声称支持采取有力行动赶走侵略者。

伊总理要求进入紧急状态

受“基地”组织影响的武装分子10日明目张胆地向尼尼微省首府摩苏尔发起进攻,并出人意料地获得巨大胜利。《纽约时报》称,在武装分子的攻击面前,伊拉克军队似乎崩溃了;士兵们放下武器,脱下制服,换上平民装束,混入逃离的人群。武装分子释放了数千名囚犯,控制了军事基地、警察局、银行和省政府总部,并在公共建筑物上升起圣战组织“伊拉克与黎凡特伊斯兰国”的黑色旗帜。街道上散落着士兵、警察和平民的尸体。一个逃离城市的士兵说:“他们控制了一切,到处都是他们的人。”

“伊拉克与黎凡特伊斯兰国”11日当天通过社交网站发布消息称,他们已经完全控制进出尼尼微省的所有通道。该组织还表示,将针对伊拉克政府发起更多袭击。伊拉克警方说,萨拉赫丁省首府提克里特11日下午被叛军占领。

“数以千计的圣战分子把整整一个省控制在手中,这对伊拉克无力阻挡反叛武装节节挺进的政府是一个空前打击。伊拉克一直没有平静过,但叛军进展如此神速,令人意外。”法国国际广播电台报道出了世界的震惊。

伊拉克议长亲自宣布了摩苏尔落入叛军手中的消息,呼吁“伊拉克人应团结起来打退外国强敌的入侵”。在全国直播的新闻发布会上,总理马利基要求议会召开紧急会议,宣布国家进入紧急状态。他说目前“伊拉克正在经历一个艰难时刻”,呼吁民众和政府团结起来应对这场“谁都无法幸免的猛烈袭击”。紧急状态法将授予总理管理国家的必要权力,比如增加实施逮捕的权力,并准许实行宵禁,同时对平民进行“全面动员”。现在,政府军封锁了通往摩苏尔的道路,已经在全国范围内实施宵禁,晚12时到凌晨5时禁止任何车辆行驶。

紧急状态能改变这个国家的乱局吗?很多分析比较悲观。目前当地媒体对战况的报道比较混乱,普遍的说法是,驻扎在摩苏尔所在的尼尼微省的政府军几乎没有抵抗,受到攻击后,500多政府军军官乘车向东逃到库尔德斯坦自治区避难,驻军最高军衔的指挥官为中将,11日他脱下军装穿着阿拉伯大袍在电视中露面。法新社称,从军官逃跑的情况来看,他们并不忠于政府。

10日,政府紧急增派军队到摩苏尔,但一名熟悉情况的当地朋友告诉《环球时报》记者,政府军在离摩苏尔城还有40多公里的地方遭到极端分子的抵抗,派出的军队像当地驻军一样,丢下武器狼狈逃跑,被反政府武装一直追到首都巴格达近郊。这位朋友说,现在的伊拉克政府军人都是雇佣军,图的是一份稳定的工作和有保障的工资,他们中很多人都是花钱走后门当兵,可以说不堪一击。因此现在政府军只能动用空中力量和远程的大炮攻击极端分子,但这样的攻击倒霉的是老百姓,人们害怕政府军进攻,所以纷纷逃离家园。摩苏尔更是陷入无政府状态,土耳其政府官员称,武装分子于当地时间11日袭击了土耳其驻伊拉克摩苏尔领事馆,并绑架了包括领事在内的48名土耳其人。

据在巴士拉的《环球时报》记者李振民介绍,大部分中资机构都离摩苏尔较远,此次受到的影响并不大,虽然极端分子的攻势猛烈,在伊拉克的中国人能感受到一些战争的气氛,但人们普遍相信,极端分子不可能攻占巴格达,更不可有席卷全国,因而他们并没有觉得太紧张。

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