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日官方首次针对日本军工企业宣传武器出口新原则

2014-05-14 15:36:00   环球网

【环球军事报道】据日本《富士产经商报》5月13日报道,随着防卫装备出口限制措施的放宽,日本与各主要国家的联合研发工作也开始启动。政府于12日针对替代“武器出口三原则”的新规则运行方针向防卫产业各相关企业作出了说明,明确表示将向友好国家积极转让装备和技术。不过,多年的“锁国”状态使得官方和民间都缺少海外转让的经验和常识,只能边摸索边推进。

在12日召开的研讨会上,政府对4月内阁决议通过的“防卫装备转移三原则”具体运行方针进行了首次官方说明,防卫产业相关企业约240人出席了会议。

负责防卫省政策解说的,是经理装备局装备政策课课长堀地彻。他表示,将在对日本装备产品的性能高低有所把握的基础上选择海外出口目的地,并且推进建立有助于实现军民两用产品生产的机制。10家日本企业及相关省厅将于6月参加在法国举行的欧洲防务展,以官民并举的形式展示日本的技术实力。

9日,日本加入了限制常规武器交易的国际准则《武器贸易条约》(ATT),以此向海内外宣告日本正式进入防卫装备国际市场。各主要国家已经对日本放宽武器出口限制表现出足够的热情,据悉自去年以来防卫省已经接到了11批次报价。

新明和工业向印度出口海上救援飞机US-2,作为放宽防卫装备出口限制后的一笔大单备受关注。此外由美国洛马公司制造的下一代主力战机F-35获准由三菱重工在名古屋进行特许生产,也使得未来搭载日本产零部件的同型战机销往其他国家成为可能。

各防卫企业均对新三原则表示欢迎,按照经团联防卫生产委员长、三菱重工会长大宫英明的话说,“从实质上全面禁止出口,到明确了什么是不可以转让的,可以说是一个巨大的进步”。(新三原则)固然令人充满期待,但还是要以国家政策为先决条件。川崎重工副社长松冈京平就指出,现阶段还不能开展直接经营活动,对于扩大生产规模应态度谨慎。

报道称,之所以未能获得民间的全面理解,主要是由于企业难以搞清自家产品究竟是否与新三原则相抵触。日本政府今后也将进一步明确究竟可以向哪些国家出口。

即便扫除了上述障碍,还要面临欧美军火巨头在国际市场的激烈竞争。

三菱重工负责防卫、空间事务的常务执行董事水谷久和就说,日本企业的技术实力、成本竞争力都将在全球范围内接受考验,呼吁政府和业界加强合作。

一般来说,欧洲各国和韩国等武器出口国都会向购买其武器的国家提供包括军队训练在内的“售后服务”。防卫省表示也将研究引入这一体制的可能性。

日本的目标是,通过防卫装备的海外转让以及与他国实现联合研发节省防卫经费,同时通过强化与同盟国之间的关系为国际合作作出更大贡献。但是在国内,以和平宪法为由反对装备转让的意见根深蒂固,这或许将成为阻碍日本防卫产业走向国际的逆流。

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