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美媒:俄军连中国都打不赢 与美军英军不在一级别

2014-03-07 10:31:09   环球网

【环球网综合报道】美国《周刊》杂志3月5日文章臆想了美俄因乌克兰冲突爆发武装冲突的情景,称虽然两个超级大国因乌克兰发生武装冲突的可能性微乎其微,但一旦爆发,就有可能会是以下三种情况:会导致世界末日的核战争、在东欧打响常规战争以及在乌克兰打响代理人战争。就第二种可能性而言,文章指出,虽然俄罗斯军方能力一般,“与美国或英国或德国军方没有处于同一级别,但较上世纪90年代更强。俄罗斯军队,特别是特种部队,“擅长欺压弱小邻国,但无法有效对抗北约。它甚至无法打败中国”,但鉴于俄罗斯拥有世界上最优秀的反导系统,而且在坦克、地面火炮以及水雷战能力方面更胜一筹,再加上双方对彼此都非常了解,所以美俄大战最终可能会不以平局收场,将是一场血腥大战。

文章指出,美国与俄罗斯因莫斯科军事干预乌克兰而发生武装冲突的可能性微乎其微。乌克兰不是北约成员国,奥巴马总统也不希望被卷入另外一场战争。不过,乌克兰许多邻国是北约成员国,包括波兰、罗马尼亚、斯洛伐克和匈牙利。同样的,俄罗斯周边波罗的海国家——立陶宛、拉脱维亚和爱沙尼亚——也是北约成员国。如果其中任何一个国家帮助乌克兰并陷入对俄战争中,北约就有责任军兵干预。如果俄罗斯以某种接口出兵这些国家——这看起来极不可能——北约也有出兵的责任。一战告诉世人,一场很小的争端都会导致大规模流血冲突,特别是在东区地区。虽然美俄两国几乎肯定不会因为乌克兰开战,但如果两国开战,又会是什么样的情景?

如果是在冷战期间,问这种问题,就相当于在问哥拉斯对金刚或蝙蝠侠对超人谁胜谁负一样:哪个超级大国会在全面战争中取得胜利呢?不过,俄罗斯不是苏联,军事技术也没有在1991年时就停滞不前。美国要比俄罗斯富有的多,在军事方面投入更多资金。这并不意味着美国能够轻而易举的赢得战争,甚至能够确保自己可以打赢战争:拿破仑和希特勒已经吸取了教训,俄罗斯会为赢得战争做出很大牺牲,特别是在俄罗斯领土内的战争。那么,美国与俄罗斯之间的战争会是怎么样子的?

世界末日核大战

即便自冷战结束以来美俄都在缓慢地裁剪核力量,但两国都拥有数千枚处于备战状态的核弹头。正如今年早些时候尤金?周所指出的那样,美国整个洲际弹道导弹核武器库本质上直接瞄准俄罗斯。俄罗斯数以百计的洲际弹道导弹同样也直接瞄准美国。

据美国科学家联合会最新统计,美国共有约7700枚核弹头,包括1950枚准备就绪可由洲际弹道导弹、潜艇与飞机发射的核弹头,另外还有数千枚核弹头被封存或待拆解。俄罗斯核弹头数量稍多,约有8500枚,但处于备战状态的核弹头略少,为1800枚。相比之下,中国拥有约250枚核弹头,较拥有300枚弹头的法国稍微少,较拥有225枚核弹头的英国稍多。

美俄核战争仍然会导致两国同归于尽。希望这种相互确保摧毁的状态仍然具有足够的威慑力。

在东欧打响常规战争

这是另外一个从未在冷战期间发生过的可能。现在,世界末日核大战的可能性,使美俄在东欧打响常规战争的可能性同样变得不太可能。假设美俄在乌克兰打响常规战争,其他北约国家为美国提供兵力、舰艇与飞机支持。与在中国受到抑制的亚太战场不同,北约为美国提供了一个专门针对苏俄的强大军事同盟。

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