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印度借鸡下蛋研发高超音速导弹 称只被美国领先

2014-02-08 13:12:28   解放军报

美国——20倍音速领跑全球在不断对别国高超音速飞行器计划说三道四的同时,美国自己的高超音速武器研究一点都不含糊。至今,美国已经对多个高超音速飞行器进行了研究,其中,HTV-2飞行器能以最高

美国——

20倍音速领跑全球

在不断对别国高超音速飞行器计划说三道四的同时,美国自己的高超音速武器研究一点都不含糊。

至今,美国已经对多个高超音速飞行器进行了研究,其中,HTV-2飞行器能以最高20倍音速的速度滑向地球。去年5月成功试验的X-51A“乘波者”飞行器,速度超过了5倍音速。美国空军神秘的X-37B空天飞机,自2012年12月起就一直绕地球轨道高速飞行。

在高超音速武器应用方面,美国人是以巡航导弹为突破口。他们拟从“战斧”巡航导弹着手,在2015年前研制出6-8马赫的高超音速巡航导弹。此外,高超音速反弹道导弹、高超音速飞机以及集反导、反飞机与反装甲诸功能于一身的高超音速多用途巡航导弹也在加紧研制中。

俄罗斯——

武器样品今年首飞

俄罗斯对高超音速武器的研究也由来已久。1997年,俄军总参谋长就宣称已研制成功高超音速飞行器GLA,该飞行器不仅可以任意改变曲线,而且进入大气层速度超过5000米/秒。

2012年夏天,俄罗斯完成了高超音速导弹与载机挂架的分离试验,在高超音速空射武器的研发上迈出了坚实的第一步。据称,目前,俄罗斯高超音速技术已进入飞行验证阶段,正在研究更先进的飞行器布局,并有可能在今年7-8月进行高超音速武器样品的首次试飞。

此外,俄罗斯还正在研制“下一代发射技术”高超音速试验飞行器,该飞行器采用氢燃料超燃冲压发动机,飞行速度达6-14马赫,已进行了大量的地面试验和风洞试验。

印度——

借鸡下蛋雄心勃勃

在高技术武器装备研制方面,印度一向偏爱走“借鸡下蛋”的捷径,高超音速武器自然也不例外。

在去年的莫斯科航展上,俄印合资企业“布拉莫斯”的代表宣布,印度与俄罗斯联合研制的“布拉莫斯”反舰导弹的高超音速型号,已经研制成功并通过了高超音速发动机测试。按计划,该导弹的速度可达6到7马赫。

除了高超音速导弹,印度国防问题分析研究所还曾提交了一份报告,建议研发至少5倍于音速的喷气式战斗机。报告自信地称,只有美国的X-43和X-51实验型飞行器的研发工作领先于印度。

另有报道称,印度人正在积极研发适合5倍至20倍音速飞行的超音速冲压喷气式发动机。

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