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印度国防经费削减将推迟军备采购 含阵风战机

2014-01-27 10:58:25   环球网

【环球网综合报道】据中国国防科技信息网1月27日报道,印度国防部因财政部从用于武装部队现代化的经费中削减了787亿卢比(约合人民币76亿元)而对其产生不满,此次削减将导致若干关键采购计划推迟完成。

事实上,由于石油制品、原油和润滑油价格与工资的上涨,印度国防部已要求提升在年度预算分配中的比重(日常成本与薪酬)。“然而财政部所做的却是从国防部的资金预算中削减了787亿卢比,并将其转化为政府的收入”,一名官员23日表示。

2013-14年度预算中的印度总防务支出被定为20367.2亿卢比,仅占计划中印度GDP的1.79%左右,而军事专家要求这一比例至少达到3%已有数年之久。

此外,运行成本在支出中占了11693.1亿卢比,使得用于添置新型武器、传感器与平台的资金至多只有8674.1亿卢比。因此,每年资金预算中的大部分被用于那些“既有的项目”,而用于新计划的资金并不多。

印度的军事现代化进程进展缓慢,并因为缺少长期战略计划与快速决策而充满不确定性。伴随这一进程的还有接连不断的丑闻,这些丑闻一再延误关键项目的成功。

如今,伴随着资金预算的削减,若干武器的添置进程(其中一些已延迟数年)也几乎肯定会陷入令人难以忍受的停滞,这种停滞将持续到2014-2015财年新政府上台为止。

从潜艇到榴弹炮,从防空武器到直升机,这些都是印度武装部队所需要用来替换老旧武器以及补充舰队损耗的。一些重要的交易在本财年已接近完成,其中包括从美国购置22架“阿帕奇”攻击直升机(约需14亿美元)、15架“支奴干”运输直升机(约需10亿美元)以及145门M-777超轻型榴弹炮(8.85亿美元)。

然而所有印度国防交易中最大的一笔、价值几乎达到200亿美元的“中型多用途战机”(MMRCA)计划仍未被签署,尽管此项购置126架法制“阵风”战斗机的计划的技术与商业评估进程早在2007年8月就已经开始。

根据MMRCA计划,来自法国的第一批18架飞机应当从2016年开始具备“飞行条件”,而其余108架飞机将在随后六年中在“印度斯坦航空有限公司”的许可下制造。目前印度空军仅拥有34个战斗机中队(每个中队有16至18架飞机),却需要44个中队的战力,因此印度空军(IAF)希望该合同能够在2014-15财年的前期得以签署。

另一项长期推迟的项目是价值300亿卢比的添置197架“侦察与监视”直升机以取代印度空军和陆军老旧的“猎豹”型直升机队的计划。然而,据早先《印度时报》(TOI)的报道,由于VVIP直升机欺诈事件的结果,该计划再次面临被放弃的可能。(谢忱)

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