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新型战机高空双发同时停车 试飞员惊险抢救

2016-12-27 10:49:09   

飞越生死线

张子影

一个人能够坦然面对死神的时间是多久?万米高空中的生死较量,机会稍纵即逝,舍与取,只在瞬忽间的抉择。每一毫秒都是直达终极的考验,考量一个人的意志、品质,更考量智慧和忠诚。

震动是突然产生的。视线摇晃,继而模糊,烟尘骤起,浓烟密布。持续强烈的震动中,座舱内各种仪盘仪表以及操纵手柄仿佛立刻就要挣脱束缚从它们各自固定的位置上跳将出来。巨大的噪声压迫着耳膜和头顶,双耳剧痛,头颅似要炸开,每一块肌肉每一根骨头仿佛都要撕裂般地跳出抗荷服的压迫——这是在两万米以上的高空、以接近音速飞行的飞机座舱内。

10月的中原大地,骄阳普照,晴空澄碧。这是搞飞行的人最喜欢的天气。试飞员滑俊跨进了机舱,他今天要执行一项高空试飞任务。任务要求在保持某一个高度和速度的情况下,获得飞机平飞极限加力1分钟的数据资料。滑俊按程序进行开机前检查。一切就绪后,他向地面给出了手势。15点整,他打开加力,一声轰响,战鹰出击,某新型战机如一支利箭射向万米高空。十几分钟后,他到达指定高度和区域。按照飞行计划,飞机跃升到规定高度后就改为平飞开始实施试飞课目。但是,没有任何预兆地,震动突然产生。

平飞中的飞机突然开始剧烈震动,整个座舱都在抖动。从事试飞工作28年,作为单位最资深的试飞员之一,滑俊历经风险无数,但这却是他从来没有遇到过的异常现象。滑俊很清楚,如此剧震会损坏飞机的发动机和其他部件,甚至整机解体。消除震动最及时有效的办法就是关闭飞机动力。但此时将正在高速运转的发动机突然关闭动力极有可能造成空中停车!一旦失去动力,飞机就如同一只失去控制的铁陀螺,会失速旋转,急速下坠。

飞机是一个复杂的系统,一架飞机有数十个子系统、数百个机载成品设备、数万个零部件、数十万个元器件,机载系统软件规模高达几十万行甚至超过百万行。每一部分在高空特殊环境与飞行状态下综合联动时的变化情况更是数不胜数。试飞之艰难之危险,常人难以想象。尤其是试飞初期,高故障率更是不可避免。每型战机列装前,都要完成1500至4000架次的飞行试验。而一架新型战机从首飞到定型,飞行中平均17分钟就会出现一个技术故障。

这一次,从来没有遇到过的巨大险情,滑俊遇到了。这千钧一发的时刻,滑俊首先想到的是:保住飞机!因为一旦飞机坠毁,丢掉的不仅是一架飞机,还有全部的测试数据。为了保住飞机,在向地面指挥员报告情况的同时,滑俊迅速关加力、收油门。果然,最害怕的事还是发生了——加力一关,发动机空中停车了。此型飞机装备了左右两台发动机,但在这一刻,两台发动机同时停车。双发停车!地面指挥员听到滑俊的这句报告,不亚于晴空霹雳。容不得他们发出惊呼,这架没有了动力的飞机,迅速开始坠落。面对险情,滑俊坚定沉着,他一边尽力保持高度滑行,一边按程序开车。空中开车,启动右发,没有成功;启动左发,没有成功。再次开车,分别启动右发、左发,仍然没有成功!

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